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Impact of on-site sanitation systems on groundwater sources in a coastal aquifer in Chennai, India

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Title Impact of on-site sanitation systems on groundwater sources
in a coastal aquifer in Chennai, India
 
Creator Jangam, Chandrakant
Pujari, Paras R.
 
Subject Geology, Hydrology etc.
Hydraulics
 
Description On-site sanitation is the most preferred mode of
sanitation due to expensive off-site sanitation. The increasing
population especially in the peri-urban areas has led to increasing
use of on-site sanitation systems in India. However,
the habitations in the vicinity of these systems do not have
centralised water supply and are dependent on groundwater
sources. However, there is concern about leaching of faecal
coliforms and nitrate from the septic tanks to the underlying
aquifer. The present study is attempted at two sites in the
coastal city of Chennai where on-site sanitation is prevailing.
The sample locations (16 nos.) are selected in such a way that
groundwater sources are situated in the vicinity of on-site
sanitation systems. The groundwater sources are the bore
wells installed by the private agencies. It is observed that
parameters considered key parameters to study the impact of
the on-site sanitation systems, namely Na2+, Cl−, NO3
−, faecal
coliform and total dissolved solids, exceed the concentration
limits recommended by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The
piper diagram analysis identifies that the predominant cations
and anions are respectively Na+, and Cl−
, SO4
− and
HCO3
−.The Gibbs plot shows ground water quality is dominated
by the evaporation process in both the seasons. The Cl/
HCO3 ratio in many samples confirms the seawater intrusion
in the study area. Elevated concentrations of faecal coliforms
in all the samples (16 nos.) confirm the significant amount of
groundwater pollution from the on-site sanitation systems. It
is desired that policy planners and implementation agencies
should undertake detailed scientific and hydrogeological studies
of the region in order to examine the feasibility of
implementing on-site sanitation systems.
 
Publisher Springer
 
Date 2019
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://neeri.csircentral.net/1214/1/Jangam-Pujari2019_Article_ImpactOfOn-siteSanitationSyste.pdf
Jangam, Chandrakant and Pujari, Paras R. (2019) Impact of on-site sanitation systems on groundwater sources in a coastal aquifer in Chennai, India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26 (3). pp. 2079-2088. ISSN 0944-1344, ESSN: 1614-7499
 
Relation https://link.springer.com/journal/11356
http://neeri.csircentral.net/1214/