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Metagenomic insights to understand transient influence of Yamuna River on taxonomic and functional aspects of bacterial and archaealcommunities of River Ganges

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Title Metagenomic insights to understand transient influence of Yamuna River on taxonomic and functional aspects of bacterial and archaealcommunities of River Ganges
 
Creator Samson, Rachel
Shah, Manan
Yadav, Rakeshkumar
Sarode, Priyanka
Rajput, Vinay
Dastager, Syed G.
Dharne, Mahesh S.
Khairnar, Krishna
 
Subject Water Quality
Water Pollution
Water Treatment
 
Description River confluences are interesting ecosystems to investigate for their microbial community structure and functional
potentials. River Ganges is one of the most important and holy river of India with great mythological history
and religious significance. The Yamuna River meets Ganges at the Prayagraj (formerly known as Allahabad),
India to form a unique confluence. The influence of Yamuna River on taxonomic and functional aspects of
microbiome at this confluence and its downstream, remains unexplored. To unveil this dearth, whole
metagenome sequencing of the microbial (bacterial and archaeal) community fromthe sediment samples of December
2017 sampling expeditionwas executed using high throughput MinION technology. Results revealed differences
in the relative abundance of bacterial and archaeal communities across the confluence. Grouped by the
confluence, a higher abundance of Proteobacteria and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was observed
for Yamuna River (G15Y) and at immediate downstream of confluence of Ganges (G15DS), as compared
to the upstream, confluence, and farther downstream of confluence. A similar trend was observed for archaeal
communities with a higher abundance of Euryarchaeota in G15Y and G15DS, indicating Yamuna River's influence.
Functional gene(s) analysis revealed the influence of Yamuna River on xenobiotic degradation, resistance to toxic compounds, and antibiotic resistance interceded by the autochthonous microbes at the confluence and succeeding downstream locations. Overall, similar taxonomic and functional profiles of microbial communities
before confluence (upstream of Ganges) and farther downstream of confluence, suggested a transient influence
of Yamuna River. Our study is significant since it may be foundational basis to understand impact of Yamuna
River and also rare event of mass bathing on the microbiome of River Ganges. Further investigation would be required
to understand, the underlying cause behind the restoration of microbial profiles post-confluence farther
zone, to unravel the rejuvenation aspects of this unique ecosystem.
 
Publisher Elsevier
 
Date 2019-04-13
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://neeri.csircentral.net/1236/1/1-s2.0-S004896971931695X-main.pdf
Samson, Rachel and Shah, Manan and Yadav, Rakeshkumar and Sarode, Priyanka and Rajput, Vinay and Dastager, Syed G. and Dharne, Mahesh S. and Khairnar, Krishna (2019) Metagenomic insights to understand transient influence of Yamuna River on taxonomic and functional aspects of bacterial and archaealcommunities of River Ganges. Science of the Total Environment, 674. pp. 288-299. ISSN 0048-9697, ESSN: 1879-1026
 
Relation https://www.journals.elsevier.com/science-of-the-total-environment
http://neeri.csircentral.net/1236/