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The role of nitrite and nitric oxide under low oxygen conditions in plants

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Title The role of nitrite and nitric oxide under low oxygen conditions in plants
 
Creator Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis
Mur, Luis A.J.
Wany, Aakanksha
Kumari, Aprajita
Fernie, Alisdair R.
Ratcliffe, R. George
 
Subject cytochrome c oxidase
hyponasty
hypoxia
mitochondria
nitric oxide (NO)
nitrite
 
Description Accepted date: 30 May 2019
Plant tissues, particularly roots, can be subjected to periods of hypoxia due to environmental circumstances. Plants have developed various adaptations in response to hypoxic stress and these have been extensively described. Less well-appreciated is the body of evidence demonstrating that scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) and the reduction of nitrate/nitrite regulate important mechanisms that contribute to tolerance to hypoxia. Whilst ethylene controls hyponasty and aerenchyma formation, NO production apparently regulates hypoxic ethylene biosynthesis. In the hypoxic mitochondrion, cytochrome c oxidase, which is a major source of NO, is also inhibited by NO, thereby reducing the respiratory rate and enhancing local oxygen concentrations. Nitrite can maintain ATP generation under hypoxia by coupling its reduction to the translocation of protons from the inner side of mitochondria and generating an electrochemical gradient. This reaction can be further coupled to a reaction whereby non-symbiotic haemoglobin oxidizes NO to nitrate. In addition to these functions, nitrite has been reported to influence mitochondrial structure and supercomplex formation, as well as playing a role in oxygen sensing via the N-end rule pathway. These studies establish that nitrite and NO perform multiple functions during plant hypoxia and suggest that further research into the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
Work on hypoxia in the KJG lab is supported by
a
Ramalingaswami Fellowship and an Innovative Young Biotechnologist Award from
the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. KJG also acknowledges the
receipt of a Marie Curie Intra
-European Fellowship for Career. Development.
The
authors wish to thank the UKIERI
-DST fund for supporting the collaboration between
KJG and LAJ
M. We thank Daniel Gibbs, University of Birmingham for critical reading
and suggestions on figure 2.
 
Date 2019-06-03T07:21:54Z
2019-06-03T07:21:54Z
2020
 
Type Article
 
Identifier New Phytologist, 225(3): 1143-1151
1469-8137
http://223.31.159.10:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/954
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.15969
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15969
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Oxford University Press