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Abscisic acid, a principal regulator of plant abiotic stress responses

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Title Abscisic acid, a principal regulator of plant abiotic stress responses
 
Creator Sagar, Sushma
Singh, Amarjeet
 
Subject Abscisic Acid
Plant Abiotic Stress
Plant Abiotic Stress Responses
 
Description Accepted date: 15 March 2019
Plants are routinely troubled by various abiotic
stresses such as high salinity, dehydration, and low
temperature during their life span. These abiotic stresses have detrimental effect on plant development, longevity, and productivity. Plants have evolved with a
sessile nature, and unlike animals, they cannot move
away from adverse growth conditions. Rather, they are
destined to combat these stress conditions in their stationary habitat. Therefore, plants have devised an
adaptive mechanism that entails the activation of several signal transduction pathways, leading to diverse
molecular, cellular, and physiological changes (Singh
et al., 2016, 2018). Most signal transduction pathways
triggered in response to biotic or abiotic stresses are
mediated by one or more plant hormones. Therefore,
plant hormones are a crucial player in regulating
plants’ response to various environmental cues (Iqbal
et al., 2017; Khan et al., 2015a,b; Khan and Khan, 2014;
Kazan, 2015; Per et al., 2018). Generally, phytohormones like salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JAs), and
ethylene (ET) are implicated in plant response to
pathogens, wounding, and other biotic stresses,
whereas gibberellins (GAs), auxins (IAAs), brassinosteroids (BRs), and cytokinins are known to regulate
plant development. However, recent advancements in
plant stress related research have shown that all plant
hormones could control multiple plant processes and
are involved in crosstalk of signaling pathways. For example, SA, JA, and ET, apart from biotic stresses, are also involved in plant development and
responses to abiotic stresses. Similarly, auxins and GA
are crucial in abiotic and biotic stress responses
(Colebrook et al., 2014; Kazan, 2013; Khan and Khan,
2013; Santino et al., 2013).
Abscisic acid (ABA) is the key hormone that primarily regulates plants’ responses to various abiotic stresses; however, like other phytohormones ABA is also
known to regulate plants’ response to biotic stress and
development (Singh et al., 2016). The discovery of the
vital phytohormone ABA dates way back to the 1960s.
Several independent and convergent experiments carried out by various research groups led to the discovery of ABA (Cracker and Abeles, 1969). However, the
earliest and most convincing was the discovery of
ABA in cotton, where it was involved in fruit abscission and dormancy (Li et al., 2017). As time and
research progressed, newer functions of ABA were
unveiled, including adaptation to various stresses, stomatal closure, sugar accumulation, seed development,
etc. Due to its crucial role in abiotic and biotic stresses,
ABA is known as a “stress hormone”. Plenty of
research on ABA accumulated ample information on
its biosynthesis, storage, catabolism, site of action, and
its possible targets. During the last decade, the ABA
receptors and their crystal structures have been elucidated (Ma et al., 2009; Park et al., 2009). This information has provided a clear cut paradigm of the ABA
signal transduction pathway. Moreover, recruiting the
combinations of different key players such as PP2C
phosphatase and SnRK2 kinases has helped to understand the signal transduction pathway. Recent studies
have provided newer insights into the functional roles
of the ABA signaling cascade in various aspects of
plant growth and development. In this chapter, we discuss different facets of ABA in plants, including its
biosynthesis, catabolism, ABA signaling pathway and
various signaling components, and the role of ABA in
abiotic stresses and plant development.
The authors are thankful to National Institute of Plant Genome
Research (NIPGR), India for providing core research grant and DBT
(Department of Biotechnology) eLibrary Consortium (DeLCON), India
for providing access to e-resources. SS is thankful to the Council of
Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India for research fellowships.
 
Date 2019-03-20T09:03:17Z
2019-03-20T09:03:17Z
2019
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier In: Khan I, Reddy SP, Ferrante A, Khan NS (eds), Plant Signaling Molecules: Role and Regulation under Stressful Environments. Elsevier, pp 341-353.
9780128164518
http://223.31.159.10:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/931
https://www.elsevier.com/books/plant-signaling-molecules/r-khan/978-0-12-816451-8
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816451-8.00021-6
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Elsevier B.V.