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CRISPR/Cas9: A novel weapon in the arsenal to combat plant diseases

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Title CRISPR/Cas9: A novel weapon in the arsenal to combat plant diseases
 
Creator Das, Ayan
Sharma, Namisha
Prasad, Manoj
 
Subject CRISPR/Cas9
guide RNA
protospacer adjacent motif
genome editing
pathogen- resistance
host susceptibility factor
 
Description Accepted date: 31 December 2018
Plant pathogens like virus, bacteria, and fungi incur a huge loss of global productivity.
Targeting the dominant R gene resulted in the evolution of resistance in pathogens,
which shifted plant pathologists’ attention toward host susceptibility factors (or S genes).
Herein, the application of sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) for targeted genome
editing are gaining more importance, which utilize the use of meganucleases (MN), zinc
finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALEN)
with the latest one namely clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). The first generation of genome editing
technologies, due to their cumbersome nature, is becoming obsolete. Owing to its
simple and inexpensive nature the use of CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized
targeted genome editing technology. CRISPR/Cas9 system has been exploited for
developing resistance against virus, bacteria, and fungi. For resistance to DNA viruses
(mainly single-stranded DNA viruses), different parts of the viral genome have been
targeted transiently and by the development of transgenic plants. For RNA viruses,
mainly the host susceptibility factors and very recently the viral RNA genome itself have
been targeted. Fungal and bacterial resistance has been achieved mainly by targeting
the host susceptibility genes through the development of transgenics. In spite of these
successes CRISPR/Cas9 system suffers from off-targeting. This and other problems
associated with this system are being tackled by the continuous discovery/evolution of
new variants. Finally, the regulatory standpoint regarding CRISPR/Cas9 will determine
the fate of using this versatile tool in developing pathogen resistance in crop plants.
The authors’ work on plant molecular virology is funded by the
research grant of J.C. Bose National Fellowship Award from DSTSERB, Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India
(File No. JCB/2018/000001/SSC). AD acknowledges DST-SERB, Ministry of Science &
Technology, Government of India for N-PDF Award (File
No. PDF/2016/003148). The authors are thankful to DBTeLibrary Consortium (DeLCON) for providing access to the
e-resources.
 
Date 2019-01-15T06:48:27Z
2019-01-15T06:48:27Z
2019
 
Type Article
 
Identifier Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 2008
1664-462X
http://223.31.159.10:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/911
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.02008/full
10.3389/fpls.2018.02008
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.