A protein phosphatase 2C, AP2C1 interacts with and negatively regulates the function of CIPK9 under potassium deficient conditions in Arabidopsis
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Title |
A protein phosphatase 2C, AP2C1 interacts with and negatively regulates the function of CIPK9 under potassium deficient conditions in Arabidopsis
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Creator |
Singh, Amarjeet
Yadav, Akhilesh K. Kaur, Kanwaljeet Sanyal, Sibaji K. Jha, Saroj K. Fernandes, Joel L. Sharma, Pankhuri Tokas, Indu Pandey, Amita Luan, Sheng Pandey, Girdhar K. |
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Subject |
Arabidopsis
CBL-interacting protein kinase Calcium signaling Dephosphorylation Phosphorylation Potassium deficiency Protein phosphatase 2C Regulation |
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Description |
Accepted date: 8 May 2018
Potassium (K+) is a major macronutrient required for plant growth. In response to low- K+ condition, an adaptive mechanism entails activation of the Ca2+ signaling network consisting of calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and their interacting kinases (CIPKs) in plants. The CBL-interacting protein kinase 9 (CIPK9) is previously implicated in low-K+ responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we report a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), AP2C1, as an interactor of CIPK9. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-localization analyses revealed that CIPK9 and AP2C1 interact in the cytoplasm. AP2C1 dephosphorylates the auto-phosphorylated form of CIPK9 in vitro, presenting a regulatory mechanism for CIPK9 function. Furthermore, genetic and molecular analysis revealed that ap2c1 null mutants (ap2c1-1 and ap2c1-2) are tolerant to low-K+ conditions, retained higher K+ content and showed higher expression of K+ deficiency related genes contrary to cipk9 mutants (cipk9-1 and cipk9-2). In contrast, transgenic plants overexpressing AP2C1 were sensitive to low-K+ conditions. Thus, this study shows that AP2C1 and CIPK9 interact to regulate K+-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis. CIPK9 functions as positive regulator whereas, AP2C1 acts as a negative regulator of Arabidopsis root growth and seedling development under low-K+ conditions. We are thankful to Prof. Jörg Kudla (Universität Münster, Germany) for providing the pGPTVII.GFP.Kan, pSPYCE-35SGW and pSPYNE-35SGW vectors; Prof. Michael Goodin (University of Kentucky, USA) for pSITE 4CA vectors; and Dr. Irute Meskiene (Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Austria) for providing ap2c1-1 (SALK_065126). Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center, Ohio is acknowledged for providing the ap2c1-2 T-DNA insertion allele (SALK_104445). We also express our thanks to Dr. Kailash C. Pandey (National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, India) for critical reading and comments on this manuscript. We are thankful to Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and University Grant Commission (UGC; UGC-SAP grant), India for research support (in GKP’s lab). AS, AKY, IT acknowledge Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India for financial support through research fellowships. |
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Date |
2018-05-16T09:41:07Z
2018-05-16T09:41:07Z 2018 |
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Type |
Article
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Identifier |
Journal of Experimental Botany, 69(16): 4003-4015
1460-2431 http://223.31.159.10:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/857 https://academic.oup.com/jxb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jxb/ery182/4996122 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery182 |
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Language |
en_US
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Oxford University Press
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