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Nitric oxide is essential for the development of aerenchyma in wheat roots under hypoxic stress

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Title Nitric oxide is essential for the development of aerenchyma in wheat roots under hypoxic stress
 
Creator Wany, Aakanksha
Kumari, Aprajita
Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis
 
Subject aerenchyma
ethylene
nitrate reductase
nitric oxide
nitrite
reactive oxygen species
 
Description Accepted date: 25 August 2017
In response to flooding/waterlogging, plants develop various anatomical changes including the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma for the delivery of oxygen to roots. Under hypoxia, plants produce high levels of nitric oxide (NO) but the role of this molecule in plant-adaptive response to hypoxia is not known. Here, we investigated whether ethylene-induced aerenchyma requires hypoxia-induced NO. Under hypoxic conditions, wheat roots produced NO apparently via nitrate reductase and scavenging of NO led to a marked reduction in aerenchyma formation. Interestingly, we found that hypoxically induced NO is important for induction of the ethylene biosynthetic genes encoding ACC synthase and ACC oxidase. Hypoxia-induced NO accelerated production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein tyrosine nitration. Other events related to cell death such as increased conductivity, increased cellulase activity, DNA fragmentation, and cytoplasmic streaming occurred under hypoxia, and opposing effects were observed by scavenging NO. The NO scavenger cPTIO (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt) and ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor CoCl2 both led to reduced induction of genes involved in signal transduction such as phospholipase C, G protein alpha subunit, calcium-dependent protein kinase family genes CDPK, CDPK2, CDPK 4, Ca-CAMK, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1, and protein kinase suggesting that hypoxically induced NO is essential for the development of aerenchyma.
This work was supported by a Ramalingaswami Re-Entry Fellowship and IYBA from DBT (KJG), and a SERB National Postdoctoral Fellowship (AW). We thank Sonal Mishra and Deepanjali for DNA gel assays and Western blots, respectively, and Vibhav Gautam for assistance with the microtome. We also thank Dr. Ashis Nandi for providing an ethylene gas cylinder. We are grateful to Dr. Syed Shams Yazdani and Dr. Girish HR for giving their consent for using the GC in ICGEB, New Delhi. We thank R.G. Ratcliffe, Abir. U. Igamberdiev, and Luis Mur for critical reading of the manuscript and valuable suggestions.
 
Date 2017-11-16T10:55:06Z
2017-11-16T10:55:06Z
2017
 
Type Article
 
Identifier Plant, Cell & Environment, 40(12): 3002-3017
1365-3040
http://223.31.159.10:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/799
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.13061/abstract;jsessionid=01A752C285398229977CEF8C757520BA.f04t04#publication-history
10.1111/pce.13061
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher John Wiley & Sons