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Agricultural cropland extent and areas of South Asia derived using Landsat satellite 30-m time-series big-data using random forest machine learning algorithms on the Google Earth Engine cloud

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11361/
https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2019.1690780
doi:10.1080/15481603.2019.1690780
 
Title Agricultural cropland extent and areas of South Asia derived using Landsat satellite 30-m time-series big-data using random forest machine learning algorithms on the Google Earth Engine cloud
 
Creator Gumma, M K
Thenkabail, P S
Teluguntla, P G
Oliphant, A
Xiong, J
Giri, C
Pyla, V
Dixit, S
Whitbread, A M
 
Subject GIS Techniques/Remote Sensing
South Asia
Food Security
 
Description The South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan) has a staggering 900 million
people (~43% of the population) who face food insecurity or severe food insecurity as per United
Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). The
existing coarse-resolution (≥250-m) cropland maps lack precision in geo-location of individual farms
and have low map accuracies. This also results in uncertainties in cropland areas calculated fromsuch
products. Thereby, the overarching goal of this study was to develop a high spatial resolution (30-m
or better) baseline cropland extent product of South Asia for the year 2015 using Landsat satellite
time-series big-data and machine learning algorithms (MLAs) on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud
computing platform. To eliminate the impact of clouds, 10 time-composited Landsat bands (blue,
green, red, NIR, SWIR1, SWIR2, Thermal, EVI, NDVI, NDWI) were derived for each of the three timeperiods
over 12 months (monsoon: Days of the Year (DOY) 151–300; winter: DOY 301–365 plus 1–60;
and summer: DOY 61–150), taking the every 8-day data from Landsat-8 and 7 for the years
2013–2015, for a total of 30-bands plus global digital elevation model (GDEM) derived slope band.
This 31-band mega-file big data-cube was composed for each of the five agro-ecological zones
(AEZ’s) of South Asia and formed a baseline data for image classification and analysis. Knowledgebase
for the Random Forest (RF) MLAs were developed using spatially well spread-out reference
training data (N = 2179) in five AEZs. The classification was performed on GEE for each of the five AEZs
using well-established knowledge-base and RF MLAs on the cloud. Map accuracies were measured
using independent validation data (N = 1185). The survey showed that the South Asia cropland
product had a producer’s accuracy of 89.9% (errors of omissions of 10.1%), user’s accuracy of 95.3%
(errors of commission of 4.7%) and an overall accuracy of 88.7%. The National and sub-national
(districts) areas computed from this cropland extent product explained 80-96% variability when
compared with the National statistics of the South Asian Countries. The full-resolution imagery can be
viewed at full-resolution, by zooming-in to any location in South Asia or the world, atwww.croplands.
org and the cropland products of South Asia downloaded from The Land Processes Distributed Active
Archive Center (LP DAAC) of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the United
States Geological Survey (USGS): https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/gfsad30saafgircev001/.
 
Publisher Taylor & Francis
 
Date 2019-11
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11361/1/Agricultural%20cropland%20extent%20and%20areas%20of%20South%20Asia%20derived%20using%20Landsat%20satellite%2030%20m%20time%20series%20big%20data%20using%20random%20forest%20machine%20learning.pdf
Gumma, M K and Thenkabail, P S and Teluguntla, P G and Oliphant, A and Xiong, J and Giri, C and Pyla, V and Dixit, S and Whitbread, A M (2019) Agricultural cropland extent and areas of South Asia derived using Landsat satellite 30-m time-series big-data using random forest machine learning algorithms on the Google Earth Engine cloud. GIScience & Remote Sensing (TSI). pp. 1-21. ISSN 1548-1603