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Title Sardine oil loaded vanillic acid grafted chitosan microparticles, a new functional food ingredient: attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyoblast cell lines (H9c2)
 
Names Vishnu, K.V.
Ajeeshkumar, K.K.
Chatterjee, N.S.
Lekshmi, R.G.K.
Sreerekha, P.R.
Mathew, S.
Ravishankar, C.N.
Date Issued 2017 (iso8601)
Abstract Fish oil has been widely recognized as an excellent dietary source of polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids such as EPA
and DHA. However, it can undergo oxidation easily resulting

in the formation of toxic off flavor compounds such as hydro-
peroxides. These compounds adversely affect the nutritional

quality and may induce several stress reactions in body. To
solve this problem, a new antioxidant bio-material, vanillic
acid-grafted chitosan (Va-g-Ch), was synthesized and used

as a wall material for microencapsulation of fish oil. The sar-
dine oil loaded Va-g-Ch microparticles could be a potential

functional food ingredient considering the numerous health
benefits of fish oil, chitosan, and vanillic acid. The current
study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of
sardine oil-loaded Va-g-Ch microparticles against

doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mech-
anisms. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation was conducted using

H9c2 cardiomyocytes. MTT assay revealed that effective
cytoprotective effect was induced by a sample concentration
of 12.5 μg/mL. Results of apoptosis by double fluorescent

staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide and caspase-
3 evaluation by ELISA substantiated the above findings.

Further, flow cytometric determination of membrane poten-
tial, relative expression of NF-κB by PCR, and ROS determi-
nation using DCFH-DA also confirmed the protective effect

of encapsulated sardine oil against doxorubicin-induced
cardiotoxicity. NF-κB expression was down-regulated nearly
by 50% on cells treated with encapsulated sardine oil.

Altogether, the results revealed that sardine oil-loaded Va-g-
Ch microparticles demonstrated potential cell protection

against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress
Genre Article
Identifier Cell Stress Chaperones doi:10.1007/s12192-017-0834-5