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Advances in Crop Improvement and Delivery Research for Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11392/
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00029
doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00029
 
Title Advances in Crop Improvement and Delivery Research for Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
 
Creator Ojiewo, C O
Janila, P
Bhatnagar-Mathur, P
Pandey, M K
Desmae, H
Okori, P
Mwololo, J K
Ajeigbe, H A
Njuguna-Mungai, E
Muricho, G
Akpo, E
Gichohi-Wainaina, W N
Variath, M T
Radhakrishnan, T
Dobariya, K L
Bera, S K
Rathnakumar, A L
Manivannan, N
Vasanthi, R P
Kumar, M V N
Varshney, R K
 
Subject Groundnut
Food and Nutrition
Legume Crops
Aflatoxins
 
Description Groundnut is an important global food and oil crop that underpins agriculture-dependent livelihood strategies meeting food, nutrition, and income security. Aflatoxins, pose a major challenge to increased competitiveness of groundnut limiting access to lucrative markets and affecting populations that consume it. Other drivers of low competitiveness include allergens and limited shelf life occasioned by low oleic acid profile in the oil. Thus grain off-takers such as consumers, domestic, and export markets as well as processors need solutions to increase profitability of the grain. There are some technological solutions to these challenges and this review paper highlights advances in crop improvement to enhance groundnut grain quality and nutrient profile for food, nutrition, and economic benefits. Significant advances have been made in setting the stage for marker-assisted allele pyramiding for different aflatoxin resistance mechanisms—in vitro seed colonization, pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination, and aflatoxin production—which, together with pre- and post-harvest management practices, will go a long way in mitigating the aflatoxin menace. A breakthrough in aflatoxin control is in sight with overexpression of antifungal plant defensins, and through host-induced gene silencing in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. Similarly, genomic and biochemical approaches to allergen control are in good progress, with the identification of homologs of the allergen encoding genes and development of monoclonal antibody based ELISA protocol to screen for and quantify major allergens. Double mutation of the allotetraploid homeologous genes, FAD2A and FAD2B, has shown potential for achieving >75% oleic acid as demonstrated among introgression lines. Significant advances have been made in seed systems research to bridge the gap between trait discovery, deployment, and delivery through innovative partnerships and action learning.
 
Publisher Frontiers Media
 
Date 2020-02
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11392/1/fpls-11-00029.pdf
Ojiewo, C O and Janila, P and Bhatnagar-Mathur, P and Pandey, M K and Desmae, H and Okori, P and Mwololo, J K and Ajeigbe, H A and Njuguna-Mungai, E and Muricho, G and Akpo, E and Gichohi-Wainaina, W N and Variath, M T and Radhakrishnan, T and Dobariya, K L and Bera, S K and Rathnakumar, A L and Manivannan, N and Vasanthi, R P and Kumar, M V N and Varshney, R K (2020) Advances in Crop Improvement and Delivery Research for Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Frontiers in Plant Science (TSI), 11. pp. 1-15. ISSN 1664-462X