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Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet: A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11484/
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93381-8_6
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93381-8_6
 
Title Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet: A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments
 
Creator Serba, D D
Yadav, R S
Varshney, R K
Gupta, S K
Govindaraj, M
Srivastava, R K
Gupta, R
Perumal, R
Tesso, T T
 
Subject Pearl Millet
Genetics and Genomics
Food and Nutrition
 
Description Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.; Syn. Cenchrus ameri8 canus (L.) Morrone] is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Today, pearl millet is grown on more than 30 million ha mainly in West and Central Africa and Indian sub-continent as a staple food for more than 90 million people in agriculturally marginal areas. It is rich in proteins and minerals and has numerous health benefits such as being gluten-freeand having slow digesting endosperm. It is grown as a forage crop in temperate areas. It is drought and heat tolerant, and a climate-smart cropthat can withstand unpredictablevariability inclimate.However, research on pearl millet improvement is lagging behind other major cereals mainly due to limited investment in terms of man and money power. So far breeding achievements include development of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), maintenance counterparts (rf) system and nuclear fertility restoration genes (Rf) for hybrid breeding, dwarfing genes for reduced height, improved input responsiveness, photoperiod neutrality for short growing season, and resistance to important diseases. Further improvement of pearl millet for genetic yield potential, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality traits would enhance food and nutrition security for people living in agriculturally dissolute environments. Application of molecular technology in pearl millet breeding program has a promise in enhancing the selection efficiency while shortening the lengthy phenotypic selection process ultimately improving the rate of genetic gains. Linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies based on different marker systems in detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) for important agronomic traits are well demonstrated. Genetic resources including wild relatives have been categorized into primary, secondary and tertiary genepools based on the level of genetic barriers and ease of gene introgression into pearl millet. A draft on pearl millet whole genome sequence was recently published with an estimated 38,579 genes annotated to establish genomic-assisted breeding. Resequencing a large number of germplasm lines provided an insight into population structure, genetic diversity and domestication history of the crop. Successful improvement in combination with modern genomic/genetic resources, tools and technologies and adoption of pearl millet will not only improve the resilience of global food system through on-farm diversification but also dietary intake which depends on diminishingly fewer crops.
 
Publisher Springer Nature Switzerland
 
Date 2020-02
 
Type Book Section
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11484/1/Chapter_6%20Millet%20Author%20.pdf
Serba, D D and Yadav, R S and Varshney, R K and Gupta, S K and Govindaraj, M and Srivastava, R K and Gupta, R and Perumal, R and Tesso, T T (2020) Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet: A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments. In: Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Cereal Crops. Springer Nature Switzerland, Switzerland, pp. 221-286. ISBN 978-3-319-93380-1