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Evidence for biological nitrification inhibition in Brachiaria pastures

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Title Evidence for biological nitrification inhibition in Brachiaria pastures
 
Creator Subbaraoa, Guntur V.
Nakahara, K.
Hurtado, MP
Ono, H
Moreta Mejia, DE
Salcedo, AF
Yoshihashi, AT
Ishikawa, T
Ishitani, Manabu
Ohnishi, M
Yoshida, M
Rondón, M.A.
Rao, Idupulapati M.
Lascano, Carlos E.
Berry, W.L.
Ito, O
 
Subject BRACHIARIA HUMIDICOLA
CLIMATE CHANGE
NITROUS OXIDE
NITRIFICATION
NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS
NITROGEN CYCLE
PASTURES
BRACHIARIA HUMIDICOLA
CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO
OXIDO NITROSO
NITRIFICACIÓN
INHIBIDORES DE LA NITRIFICACION
CICLO DEL NITRÓGENO
PASTIZALES
 
Description CIAT- Outstanding Research Publication Award (ORPA) - 2009
Nitrification, a key process in the global nitrogen cycle that
generates nitrate through microbial activity, may enhance losses
of fertilizer nitrogen by leaching and denitrification. Certain
plants can suppress soil-nitrification by releasing inhibitors from
roots, a phenomenon termed biological nitrification inhibition
(BNI). Here, we report the discovery of an effective nitrification
inhibitor in the root-exudates of the tropical forage grass
Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick. Named ‘‘brachialactone,’’
this inhibitor is a recently discovered cyclic diterpene
with a unique 5-8-5-membered ring system and a -lactone ring.
It contributed 60–90% of the inhibitory activity released from
the roots of this tropical grass. Unlike nitrapyrin (a synthetic
nitrification inhibitor), which affects only the ammonia monooxygenase
(AMO) pathway, brachialactone appears to block
both AMO and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase enzymatic pathways
in Nitrosomonas. Release of this inhibitor is a regulated
plant function, triggered and sustained by the availability of
ammonium (NH4
) in the root environment. Brachialactone release
is restricted to those roots that are directly exposed to
NH4
. Within 3 years of establishment, Brachiaria pastures have
suppressed soil nitrifier populations (determined as amoA
genes; ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea),
along with nitrification and nitrous oxide emissions.
These findings provide direct evidence for the existence and
active regulation of a nitrification inhibitor (or inhibitors) release
from tropical pasture root systems. Exploiting the BNI
function could become a powerful strategy toward the development
of low-nitrifying agronomic systems, benefiting both
agriculture and the environment.
Peer-reviewed
 
Date 2014-09-24T07:58:38Z
2014-09-24T07:58:38Z
2009
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Subbaraoa, Guntur V.; Nakahara, K.; Hurtado, MP; Ono, H; Moreta Mejia, DE; Salcedo, AF; Yoshihashi, AT; Ishikawa, T; Ishitani, Manabu; Ohnishi, M; Yoshida, M; Rondón, M.A.; Rao, Idupulapati M.; Lascano, Carlos E.; Berry, W.L.; Ito, O (2009). Evidence for biological nitrification inhibition in Brachiaria pastures. PNAS 106(41):17302-17307.
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1091-6490
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/42836
 
Language en
 
Source PNAS/Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America