Nitrogen management in grasslands and forage-based production systems – Role of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI)
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Title |
Nitrogen management in grasslands and forage-based production systems – Role of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI)
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Creator |
Subbaraoa, Guntur V.
Rao, Idupulapati M. Nakahara, K. Ando, Yasuo Sahrawat, Kanwar Lal Tsefamarium T Lata, Jean-Christophe Boudsocq, S. Miles, John W. Ishitani, Manabu Peters, Michael |
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Subject |
climate
agriculture nitrogen nitrification denitrification soil grasslands |
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Description |
Nitrogen (N), being the most critical and essential nutrient for plant growth, largely determines the productivity in both extensive- and intensive- grassland systems. Nitrification and denitrification processes in the soil are the primary drivers generating reactive-N: NO3-, N2O, and NO, and is largely responsible for N-loss and degradation of grasslands. Suppressing nitrification can thus facilitate the retention of soil-N to sustain long-term productivity of grasslands and forage-based production systems. Certain plants can suppress soil nitrification by releasing inhibitors from roots, a phenomenon termed ‘biological nitrification inhibition’ (BNI). Recent methodological developments (e.g. bioluminescence assay to detect BNIs from plant-root systems) led to significant advances in our ability to quantify and characterize BNI function in pasture grasses. Among grass-pastures, BNI-capacity is strongest in low-N adapted grasses such as Brachiaria humidicola and weakest in high-N environment grasses such as Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and B. brizantha. The chemical identity of some of the BNIs produced in plant tissues and released from roots has now been established and their mode of inhibitory action determined on nitrifying bacteria Nitrosomonas. Synthesis and release of BNIs is a highly regulated and localized process, triggered by the presence of NH4+ in the rhizosphere, which facilitates the release of BNIs close to soil-nitrifier sites. Substantial genotypic variation is found for BNI-capacity in B. humidicola, which opens the way for its geneticmanipulation. Field studies suggest that Brachiaria grasses suppress nitrification and N2O emissions from soil. The potential for exploiting BNI function (from a genetic improvement and a system perspective) to develop production systems that are low-nitrifying, low N2O-emitting, economically efficient and ecologically sustainable, will be the subject of discussion.
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Date |
2013
2014-12-16T06:37:29Z 2014-12-16T06:37:29Z |
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Type |
Conference Paper
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Identifier |
Subbarao GV, Rao IM, Nakahara K, Ando Y, Sahrawat KL, Tsefamarium T, Lata JC, Boudsocq S, Miles JW, Ishitani M, Peters M. 2013. Nitrogen management in grasslands and forage-based production systems – Role of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). IN: Proceedings of the XXII International Grasslands Congress, Sydney, Australia, 15-19 September 2013. Orange New South Wales, Australia: New South Wales Department of Primary Industry: 1468-1472
978-1-74256-542-2 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/52057 https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/22/2-11/1 |
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Language |
en
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Rights |
Open Access
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Publisher |
New South Wales Department of Primary Industry
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