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Crop wild relatives of the brinjal eggplant ( Solanum melongena ): poorly represented in genebanks and many species at risk of extinction

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Title Crop wild relatives of the brinjal eggplant ( Solanum melongena ): poorly represented in genebanks and many species at risk of extinction
 
Creator Syfert, Mindy M.
Castañeda Álvarez, Nora P.
Khoury, Colin K.
Särkinen, Tiina
Sosa, Chrystian C.
Achicanoy, Harold A.E.
Bernau, V.
Prohens, Jaime
Daunay, Marie-Christine
Knapp, Sandra
 
Subject agriculture
solanum melongena
food security
gene banks
solanaceae
solanum
models
agricultura
seguridad alimentaria
banco de genes
modelos
 
Description PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Crop wild relatives (CWR) provide important traits for plant breeding, including pest, pathogen, and abiotic stress resistance. Therefore, their conservation and future availability are essential for food security. Despite this need, the world's genebanks are currently thought to conserve only a small fraction of the total diversity of CWR.
METHODS: We define the eggplant genepool using the results of recent taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. We identify the gaps in germplasm accessions for eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) CWR by comparing georeferenced herbarium records and germplasm accessions using a gap analysis methodology implementing species distribution models (SDM). Preliminary conservation assessments using IUCN criteria were done for all species and were combined with the gap analysis to pinpoint where under-collected and threatened CWR species coincide with high human disturbance and occur outside of protected areas.
KEY RESULTS: We show that many eggplant CWR are poorly represented in genebanks compared to their native ranges. Priority areas for future collecting are concentrated in Africa, especially along the Kenya-Tanzania border. Fourteen species of eggplant CWR are assessed as threatened or near-threatened; these are also concentrated in eastern Africa.
CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge base upon which conservation of wild relative germplasm depends must take into account both taxonomic and phylogenetic advances. Beyond traditional research focus on close relatives of crops, we emphasize the benefits of defining a broad CWR genepool, and the importance of assessing threats to wild species when targeting localities for future collection of CWR to improve crop breeding in the face of environmental change.
 
Date 2016-04
2016-04-01T21:06:44Z
2016-04-01T21:06:44Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Syfert, Mindy M.; Castañeda Álvarez, Nora Patricia; Khoury, Colin K.; Särkinen, Tiina; Sosa, Chrystian C.; Achicanoy, Harold A.; Bernau, Vivian; Prohens, Jaime; Daunay, Marie-Christine; Knapp, Sandra. 2016. Crop wild relatives of the brinjal eggplant ( Solanum melongena ): Poorly represented in genebanks and many species at risk of extinction. American Journal of Botany 103(4): 1-17.
0002-9122
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72780
https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500539
 
Language en
 
Rights Copyrighted; all rights reserved
Open Access
 
Format p. 635-651
 
Publisher Wiley
 
Source American Journal of Botany