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Contribution of fallow periods between rice crops to seasonal GHG emissions: effect of water and tillage management

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Title Contribution of fallow periods between rice crops to seasonal GHG emissions: effect of water and tillage management
 
Creator Sander, Björn Ole
Samson, Marianne
Sánchez, Pearl B.
Valencia, Katherine P.
Demafelix, Evyan A.M.
Buresh, Roland J.
 
Subject climate change
food security
agriculture
rice
methane
nitrous oxide
soil
fallow
 
Description Irrigated rice cultivation is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are emitted not only throughout the growing season but also in the fallow period between crops. A study was conducted for two transition periods between rice crops (dry to wet season transition and wet to dry season transition) in the Philippines to investigate the effect of water and tillage management on CH4 and N2O emissions as well as on soil nitrate and ammonium. Management treatments between rice crops included (1) continuous flooding (F), (2) soil drying (D), (3) soil drying with aerobic tillage (D + T), and (4) soil drying and wetting (D + W). The static closed chamber method was used to measure CH4 and N2O fluxes.

Soil nitrate accumulated and N2O was emitted in treatments with soil drying. Nitrate disappeared while ammonium gradually increased after the soil was flooded during land preparation, indicating net nitrogen mineralization. N2O emissions were highest in both transition periods in D + W (437 and 645 µg N2O m−2 h−1). Methane emissions were significant in only the F treatment. The highest global warming potential (GWP) in the transition between rice crops occurred in F, with CH4 contributing almost 100% to the GWP. The GWP from other treatments was lower than F, with about 60–99% of the GWP attributed to N2O emissions in treatments with soil drying. The GWP in the transition between rice crops represented up to 26% of the total GWP from harvest to harvest. This study demonstrates that the transition period can be an important source of GHG emissions with relative importance of CH4 and N2O depending on the soil water regime. Therefore, the transition period should not be disregarded when estimating GHG emissions for rice cropping systems.
 
Date 2018-02-17
2019-11-12T15:36:53Z
2019-11-12T15:36:53Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Sander BO, Samson M, Sanchez PB, Valencia KP, Demafelix EAM, Buresh RJ. 2018. Contribution of fallow periods between rice crops to seasonal GHG emissions: effect of water and tillage management. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 64(2):200-209.
0038-0768
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/105707
https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2018.1440937
PII-FP3_CCAC
 
Language en
 
Rights Copyrighted; all rights reserved
Limited Access
 
Format 200-209
 
Source Soil Science and Plant Nutrition