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Improving Water Productivity in Semi-arid Environments through Regulated Deficit Irrigation

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Title Improving Water Productivity in Semi-arid Environments through Regulated Deficit Irrigation
 
Creator Karam, Fadi
 
Contributor Nangia, Vinay
 
Subject crop evapotranspiration
lysimeter
Maize
Soya bean
Cotton
 
Description A twelve-year experiment (1998-2009) was conducted at Tal Amara Research Station in Lebanon to determine the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity in six annual crops; maize (1998-1999), soybean (2000-2001), cotton (2001- 2002), sunflower (2002-2003), bell pepper (2005) and eggplants (2008-2009). Deficit irrigation was applied by exposing the crop to a certain level of water stress either during a particular growth period or throughout the whole growing season. At harvest, 1 m2 quadrates were sampled randomly from the different irrigation treatments to determine yield (Y) and water productivity (WP) as the ratio of yield to evapotranspiration (ET). Results showed that deficit irrigation caused in all crops less yield but resulted in higher WP compared to the well-irrigated control. For soybean, deficit irrigation at mature seeds was more profitable compared to full bloom and seed enlargement. Moreover, flowering was sunflower most critical growth stage and therefore deficit irrigation should be avoided at this stage, while it can be acceptable at seed formation. For cotton, timing deficit irrigation at first open boll has been found to provide the highest lint yield with maximum WP, in comparison to deficit irrigation at early boll loading and mid boll loading. For maize, deficit irrigated-treatments at 80% and 60% of crop evapotranspiration produced less seed yield but resulted in higher WP than the well-irrigated control. In bell pepper and eggplants, deficit irrigation at 80% of ETc was recommended to obtain higher yield and optimized WP. We concluded that deficit irrigation resulted in water saving with the least yield reduction, and thereby considered optimal strategy for irrigation under semi-arid conditions.
 
Date 2016-10-15
2017-02-24T17:52:35Z
2017-02-24T17:52:35Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier http://www.cazri.res.in/annals/2016/2016SD-3.pdf
https://mel.cgiar.org/reporting/download/hash/i1g594Sr
Fadi Karam, Vinay Nangia. (15/10/2016). Improving Water Productivity in Semi-arid Environments through Regulated Deficit Irrigation. Annals of Arid Zone, 55 (3-4), pp. 79-87.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/5971
Open access
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-NC-4.0
 
Format PDF
 
Publisher Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI)
 
Source Annals of Arid Zone;55,(2016) Pagination 79,87