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Wheat Landraces Currently Grown in Turkey: Distribution, Diversity, and Use

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Title Wheat Landraces Currently Grown in Turkey: Distribution, Diversity, and Use
 
Creator Morgunov, Alexey Ivanovich
 
Contributor Keser, Mesut
Kan, Mustafa
Küçükçongar, M
Özdemir, Fatih
Gummadov, N.
Muminjanov, Hafiz
Zuev, Evgeny
Qualset, Calvin O.
 
Subject Wheat
 
Description From 2009 to 2014 a nationwide effort was made to document, collect, conserve, and characterize wheat landraces grown by Turkish farmers. Spike samples were collected from more than 1600 farmers from 59 provinces, planted as single-spike progenies, and classified into species, subspecies, and botanical varieties (or morphotypes). Altogether, 95 morphotypes were identified representing three species and six subspecies: einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer wheat [T. turgidum subsp. dicoccon (Schrank) Thell.], cone wheat (T. turgidum subsp. turgidum), durum wheat [T. turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.], bread wheat (T. aestivum L. subsp. aestivum), and club wheat [T. aestivum subsp. compactum (Host) Mackey]. Compared with a nationwide survey in 1920, these findings represent a loss of 50 to 70% of the diversity found in 1920, though in four provinces, little if any loss occurred. Based on the Shannon diversity index (H¢) and number of morphotypes, the highest diversity for bread wheat was observed in Manisa, Konya, Iğdır, Diyarbakır, and Tokat provinces and for durum wheat in Adana, Diyarbakır, and Hatay prov- inces. Socioeconomic data indicated that land- race farmers are found mostly in remote mountainous subsistence communities with very little grain trade, small areas planted to wheat, and relatively simple production technologies. The key reasons famers continue to grow landraces are their grain qualities and adaptation to abiotic stresses. In situ conservation should be targeted at provinces with the highest morphotype diversity, with the rarest landraces, and with the highest share of farmers growing landraces.
 
Date 2016-08-27
2017-03-14T11:32:02Z
2017-03-14T11:32:02Z
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier https://mel.cgiar.org/reporting/download/hash/2gMxU9gk
Alexey Ivanovich Morgunov, Mesut Keser, Mustafa Kan, M Küçükçongar, Fatih Özdemir, N. Gummadov, Hafiz Muminjanov, Evgeny Zuev, Calvin O. Qualset. (27/8/2016). Wheat Landraces Currently Grown in Turkey: Distribution, Diversity, and Use. Crop Science, 56.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/6457
Open access
 
Language en
 
Rights CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
 
Format PDF
 
Publisher Crop Science Society of America
 
Source Crop Science ;56,(2016)