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Bacterial diseases and their Management in chosen marine Ornamental fishes

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Relation http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7127/
 
Title Bacterial diseases and their
Management in chosen marine
Ornamental fishes
 
Creator Pramila, S
 
Subject Fish Biotechnology
Theses
Ornamental Fishes
 
Description Observations on the disease occurrence among marine
ornamental fish and monitoring of environmental parameters were carried out in the
marine aquarium, Vizhinjam Research Centre of C. M. F. R. I. It was noted that the
microbial load in the aquarium was not significantly affectEd by any individual
hydrological parameters. However, the combined effect of the various parameters
influenced the general health of the aquarium rea red fish. Three important factors
were derived based on the principal component analysis including water and
atmospheric temperature, nitrite. dissolved oxygen and pH, which significantly altered
the general water quality. The study indicated that sudden imbalances in nutrient
parameters following resetting of aquaria form the major reasons for mass mortality,
among all groups of fishes. The bacterial isolates from aquarium fish were identified
as Flavobacterium (27%). Vibrio (18%), Pseudomonas (16%). Alcaligenes (16%).
Acinetobacter (11 %) and members of Enterobactericeae fami ly (8%) . Serratia
marcescens was isolated for the first time, which was frequently involved in ulcerative
lesions of fish. This species was found to be highly proteolytic in nature, and in view
of the resu lts of preliminary studies, it was selected for invef tigating its ro le in
inducing pathogenicity in the experimental host, clown fish (Amphiprion sebae
Bleeker). The lethal infective dose of the live cells was found to be equivalent to
1 x1 05 cells per gram of fi sh. The extracellular products (ECPs) of Serratia
marcescens were highly toxic for the experimental host. The infective dose of the
ECPs was estimated as 2.67 ~g per gram body weight of fish. The heat labile nature
of the ECP proteins was established by the in vitro studies. The gelatinase and
caseinase activities were reduced on heat treatment at 50°C for 10 minutes. Based
on SDS-PAGE studies, it was estimated that major proteins responsible for pathology
had their molecular weights ranging from 11 kDa to 100 kDa and that most of the
proteins had molecular weights higher than 40 kDa. The antibiotic susceptibility
pattern of the important bacterial isolates showed that gentamicin, streptomycin,
tetracycline, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were capable of inhibiting rJrowth of more
than 90% of the isolates tested. The effectiveness of marine natural compounds,
antiseptics and autogenous vaccine in controll ing infection due to Serratia
marcescens was also investigated. The extracts of the sponges (Sigmodocea
carnosa, Callyspongia and an unidentified species), as well as those of two
seaweeds (Graci/aria corticata and Valanopsis pachyderma) had excellent inh ibitory
activity. Among antiseptics, formalin , acriflavin and malachite green were effective.
The efficacy of immunisation using Serratia marcescens bacterin was proved by the
100% Percentage Relative Protection (PRP) obtained after 351h and 50lh day of
administration of bacterin.
 
Date 2002
 
Type Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7127/1/TH-107.pdf
Pramila, S (2002) Bacterial diseases and their Management in chosen marine Ornamental fishes. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd" not defined] thesis, PGPM, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute.