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Pathology of aflatoxicosis and Heavy metal toxicity in pearl Spot Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) (Th 129)

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Relation http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7225/
 
Title Pathology of aflatoxicosis and
Heavy metal toxicity in pearl
Spot Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) (Th 129)
 
Creator Anikuttan, K K
 
Subject Fish Toxicology
Theses
Fish Pathology
 
Description Food and water are the two major routes through which aquatic organisms are
exposed to exogenous hazardous toxic insults. The pathology of the toxic impacts
due to a food contaminant (aflatoxin B, or AFB,) and an environmental pollutant
(cadmium) was studied in pearl spot, Etrop/us suratensis (Bloch). The influence of
these two toxicants on various physiological indices as well as vital organs of the fish
was studied in two separate experiments by exposing the fishes to either 400 ppb of
AFB, or 9.4 ppm of cadmium for a period of 8 weeks. The physiological alterations
due to aflatoxin exposure includes, an initial decrease followed by an increase in
erythrocyte count; increase in leucocyte count, packed cell volume (PCV), serum
alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alanine
aminotransaminase (AL T); and a decrease in serum proteins. Histopathological and
ultrastructural studies revealed progressive degenerative changes in the vital organs,
liver, kidney, spleen and thymus. Liver sections revealed biliary proliferation and
presence of pleomorphic, polyhedral and basophilic megalocytes invading into the
normal parenchyma, which was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. The
electronmicrographs revealed dilatation, fragmentation , proliferation and whirl
formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondrial damages like condensation
and loss of cristae and granules, nuclear changes like presence of perichromatin and
chromatin granules, electron dense inclusions and presence of autophagosomes in
the cytoplasm. The toxic insults due to cadmium were manifested as increase in
ESR, AST and AL T and a decrease in PCV, serum proteins and alkaline
phosphatase activity. Liver, kidney, spleen, thymus and gills exhibited severe
degenerative changes at cellular and subcellular levels. Liver revealed coagulative
necrosis and fibroblastic proliferation . The renal tubular epithelial cells were
desquamated and periglomerular thickening as well as increased nuclearity were
observed in glomeruli. The secondary lamellae of gills were elongated and fused
together in cadmium exposed fishes. The major ultrastructural changes in the vital
organs include ER fragmentation, mitochondrial swelling, presence of multivesicular
bodies, autophagia, damage to desmosomes and cell membranes.
 
Date 2004
 
Type Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format text
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7225/1/TH-129.pdf
Anikuttan, K K (2004) Pathology of aflatoxicosis and Heavy metal toxicity in pearl Spot Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) (Th 129). Doctoral thesis, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai.