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Review of undernutrition in smallholder ruminant production systems in the tropics

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Title Review of undernutrition in smallholder ruminant production systems in the tropics
 
Creator Kebreab, E.
Smith, T.
Tanner, J.C.
Osuji, P.O.
 
Subject TROPICAL ZONES
SMALL FARMS
MALNUTRITION
RUMINANTS
FARMING SYSTEMS
MILK
HUMAN NUTRITION
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
ANTINUTRITIONAL FACTORS
FEEDS
CYCLING
NUTRIENTS
METHANE
PROTEINS
PLANT NUTRITION
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
REPRODUCTION
ANIMAL HEALTH
ADAPTATION
ANIMAL PERFORMANCE
SUPPLEMENTS
NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY
CROP RESIDUES
MODELS
THERMOREGULATION
FEEDING LEVEL
 
Description Developing countries continue to face the challenge of increasing poverty and depleting asset base of their predominantly rural populations. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) alone, over 70% of the population now live below the poverty line, and in South Asia the number of poor people exceeds 500 million. More than 160 million children worldwide are protein malnourished. Over two-thirds of the world's 1.3 billion poor live in rural areas and rely on agriculture for a significant part of their livelihoods. Livestock are important assets to the rural poor and play a critical role in both the sustainability and intensification of agricultural productivity in most farming systems. They provide food and essential nutrients for cognitive growth of children and the general welfare of humans. Their manure helps maintain soil fertility and they contribute to the overall farming enterprise in terms of income and employment. Livestock also provide poor farmers with a flexible reserve and access to markets. In many rural societies poor women derive their income from livestock keeping. The objective of this review paper was to describe the major nutritional constraints to ruminant meat and milk production systems in the developing world and explore ways of overcoming undernutrition in the tropics. Issues addressed in this review include causes of undernutrition and environmental implications, adaptation by the ruminants to it, manipulative strategies to cope with feed scarcity in smallholder ruminant production systems and modelling of undernutrition in ruminants. This review paper has evolved as a working paper over the last few years, and represents the contributions of many staff members of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and their collaborators, which are acknowledged in this publication.
 
Date 2010-12-10T05:31:54Z
2010-12-10T05:31:54Z
2005
 
Type Report
 
Identifier ISBN 92-9146-167-9
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/2911
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ILRI