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Impact of land use changes and management practices on groundwater resources in Kolar district, Southern India

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11633/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100732
doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100732
 
Title Impact of land use changes and management practices on groundwater resources in Kolar district, Southern India
 
Creator Garg, K K
Anantha, K H
Nune, R
Akuraju, V R
Singh, P
Gumma, M K
Dixit, S
Ragab, R
 
Subject Water Resources
 
Description Study region: This study analyzes the impact of land use changes on the hydrology of Kolar district
in the state of Karnataka, India. Kolar receives on average 565 mm (σ = 130) rainfall during June
to October and has a wide gap between its water supply and demand.
Study focus: This research identifies the reasons and causes of the gap. A water balance model was
successfully calibrated and validated against measurements of groundwater level, recharge and
surface runoff.
New hydrological insights for the region: The study revealed that between 1972 and 2011, there was
a major shift from grass and rainfed crop lands to eucalyptus plantation and irrigated cultivation.
About 17.7 % and 18 % of the district area converted into eucalyptus plantation and irrigated
lands during this period, respectively. Eucalyptus plantations tended to cause large losses by ET
leading to increase in soil moisture deficit and reduction in the recharge to groundwater and in
surface runoff (approx. 30 %). The irrigation demand of the district increased from 57 mm (1972)
to 140 mm (2011) which resulted in increased groundwater abstraction by 145 %. The expansion
of the irrigated area is the major contributing factor for widening the demand-supply gap (62 %)
of the freshwater availability. Results could help various stakeholders, including district and
national authorities to develop the most suitable water management strategies in order to close
the gap between water supply and demand.
 
Publisher Elsevier
 
Date 2020-08
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11633/1/2020_Kolar.pdf
Garg, K K and Anantha, K H and Nune, R and Akuraju, V R and Singh, P and Gumma, M K and Dixit, S and Ragab, R (2020) Impact of land use changes and management practices on groundwater resources in Kolar district, Southern India. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies (TSI), 31. pp. 1-21. ISSN 2214-5818