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Evaluation of antibacterial immune response in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila ananassae

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Title Evaluation of antibacterial immune response in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila ananassae
 
Creator Meghashree, Ramachandra Naik
Nagaraj, Kakanahalli
 
Subject Antimicrobial activity
Bacterial infection
Hemolymph
Immune response
Melanization
Phenoloxidase
 
Description 751-759
Insects are excellent model organisms to examine the phenotypic variation of innate immunity. The innate immunity is the immediate response of invertebrates for protection against pathogens. In this study, we assessed the immune responses of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila ananassae against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It includes survival ability against infection, systemic pathogen load, and estimation of phenoloxidase activity, melanization reaction, the total number of hemocytes, quantification of fat, and the nitrite levels in adult flies and also the bacterial inhibitory effect of hemolymph. The results showed increased bacterial growth in D. ananassae compared to D. melanogaster. Due to bacterial infection, reduced fat accumulation was observed in both D. ananassae and D. melanogaster, which suggests a possible decline in physiological condition. Further, a significant elevation in phenoloxidase, nitrite levels and hemolymph reveals that bacterial cell growth was found to be inhibited due to the immune response of both Drosophila species. D. ananassae showed high sensitivity to bacterial infection, while D. melanogaster showed moderate sensitivity. The results have demonstrated the level of immunocompetence of laboratory stocks of D. melanogaster and D. ananassae against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
 
Date 2020-10-29T11:00:10Z
2020-10-29T11:00:10Z
2020-11
 
Type Article
 
Identifier 0975-1009 (Online); 0019-5189 (Print)
http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/55584
 
Language en_US
 
Rights CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India
 
Publisher NISCAIR-CSIR, India
 
Source IJEB Vol.58(11) [November 2020]