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Genomic interventions for sustainable agriculture

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11652/
https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13472
doi:10.1111/pbi.13472
 
Title Genomic interventions for sustainable agriculture
 
Creator Bohra, A
Chand Jha, U
Godwin, I D
Varshney, R K
 
Subject Sustainable Agriculture
Genetics and Genomics
 
Description Agricultural production faces a Herculean challenge to feed the increasing global population.
Food production systems need to deliver more with finite land and water resources while
exerting the least negative influence on the ecosystem. The unpredictability of climate change
and consequent changes in pests/pathogens dynamics aggravate the enormity of the challenge.
Crop improvement has made significant contributions towards food security, and breeding
climate-smart cultivars are considered the most sustainable way to accelerate food production.
However, a fundamental change is needed in the conventional breeding framework in order to
respond adequately to the growing food demands. Progress in genomics has provided new
concepts and tools that hold promise to make plant breeding procedures more precise and
efficient. For instance, reference genome assemblies in combination with germplasm sequencing
delineate breeding targets that could contribute to securing future food supply. In this review,
we highlight key breakthroughs in plant genome sequencing and explain how the presence of
these genome resources in combination with gene editing techniques has revolutionized the
procedures of trait discovery and manipulation. Adoption of new approaches such as speed
breeding, genomic selection and haplotype-based breeding could overcome several limitations of
conventional breeding. We advocate that strengthening varietal release and seed distribution
systems will play a more determining role in delivering genetic gains at farmer’s field. A holistic
approach outlined here would be crucial to deliver steady stream of climate-smart crop cultivars
for sustainable agriculture.
 
Publisher Wiley
 
Date 2020-08
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11652/1/pbi.13472.pdf
Bohra, A and Chand Jha, U and Godwin, I D and Varshney, R K (2020) Genomic interventions for sustainable agriculture. Plant Biotechnology Journal (TSI). pp. 1-18. ISSN 1467-7644