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Ichthyocrinotoxicity of marine catfishes of Mumbai coast

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Relation http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7126/
 
Title Ichthyocrinotoxicity of marine catfishes of Mumbai coast
 
Creator Deo, Ashutosh Dharmendra
 
Subject Fish Toxicology
Catfish
Theses
 
Description Epidennal secretions of two marine catfishes Arius dussumieri and
Osteogeneiosus militaris from Mumbai waters were studied for their blotoxic
properties. Crude mucus extract obtained by scrapping was lyophilized for use as
crude toxin. This crude toxin was further fractionated using DEAE Cellulose column
chromatography. Bioassays involving Kausauli strain male albino mice of 20±2 g
weight revealed lethal activity in crude mucus extract of both the species, with
MLD values of 0.25 ml (A. dussumien) and 0.50 ml (0. militariSj per mouse. 24 Hr
LOsa values were calculated to be 20.06 mg/kg and 25.86 mg/kg for A. dussumieri
and O. militaris respectively.
Potent hemolytic activity upto 16 HU (A. dussumien) and upto 8 HU (0.
militariSj were exhibited while hemagglutnation was only partial. Crude extracts
also exhibited edematic activity, upto 154% ER in A. dussumieri and 137% ER in
O. militaris. Partially purified toxin of both the fish had pronounced
hemagglutination activity of 32 HAU. In case of the partially purified fractions, 2
lethal factors were discernible in each species. All lethal factors had a parallel
hemolytic or edematic activity. In addition to these, fractions of both fishes each
had 3 hemolysins and 2 edema factors. Avil ® and Dolonex ® blocked the edematic
acivity, the latter being more effective than the fonner; Atropine ®, on the other
hand, enhanced the edematic activity.
These toxic fractions were further separated on HPLC that indicated a
compound resembling Cytochrome C to be the toxic factor. SDS-PAGE revealed
the presence of at least 18 proteins In A. dussumieri and 16 proteins in O. militaris
crude mucus, with their molecular weights ranging between 10 and 100 kD. Gas
Chromatography of the lipid fractions indicated predominance of Palmitic acid,
Oleic add, Stearic acid, Palmitoleic acid, Myristic add, Lauric add and Unoleic aCid,
a precursor of prostaglandins.
The crude mucus extract of both species exhibited wound healing activities
in a CAM model with marked angiogenic activity. Area of wound decreased by
22.5% and 30.0% while hydroxyproline Increased by 24.93% (A. dussumierl) and
25.52 % (0. militJriSj and Iysyloxidase by 9.09% (A. dussumien) and 9.17% (0.
militJriSj in 7 days when 20.0 III of crude extract was applied topically to each of
the punched wounds in guinea pig.
Envenomated mice, upon autopsy revealed gross anatomical changes in
the liver and lungs. Histopathological investigations revealed distended sinusoids,
pycnotic and karyorrhectic nuclei and karyolysis in liver, and thickening of alveolar
walls in the lungs as also blood clots in both the tissues. Damage to kidney and
heart was negligible. Histology revealed, in both the species, specialized glands to
be absent in the skin while a mucus aggregation around, and glycoprotein-like
substances, inside the lumen of the spines and might have a role in the toxicity.
Toxicity was not correlated with food of the fish but with season and the
Condition Factor (Kn) of the fish indicating stress do the causative factor for
increased epidermal secretions. Possibilities exist that Stress Proteins (SP) (=Heat
Shock Proteins, HSP) 68 and 70 might be involved in the toxidty, wound healing
and other bioactivities. A primary role of defence can be attributed to the mucus
and the lethality couid be a synergistic effect of the different bioactivities.
 
Date 2000
 
Type Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/7126/1/TH-91_Ash.pdf
Deo, Ashutosh Dharmendra (2000) Ichthyocrinotoxicity of marine catfishes of Mumbai coast. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd" not defined] thesis, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova.