Record Details

Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches

OAR@ICRISAT

View Archive Info
 
 
Field Value
 
Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11892/
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189826
doi:10.3390/ijms22189826
 
Title Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches
 
Creator Prasad, V B R
Govindaraj, M
Djanaguiraman, M
Djalovic, I
Shailani, A
Rawat, N
Singla-Pareek, S L
Pareek, A
Prasad, P V V
 
Subject Plant Genetics
Plant Breeding
Sorghum
Drought
 
Description Sorghum is one of the staple crops for millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and
South Asia (SA). The future climate in these sorghum production regions is likely to have unexpected
short or long episodes of drought and/or high temperature (HT), which can cause significant
yield losses. Therefore, to achieve food and nutritional security, drought and HT stress tolerance
ability in sorghum must be genetically improved. Drought tolerance mechanism, stay green, and
grain yield under stress has been widely studied. However, novel traits associated with drought
(restricted transpiration and root architecture) need to be explored and utilized in breeding. In sorghum,
knowledge on the traits associated with HT tolerance is limited. Heat shock transcription
factors, dehydrins, and genes associated with hormones such as auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid
and compatible solutes are involved in drought stress modulation. In contrast, our understanding
of HT tolerance at the omic level is limited and needs attention. Breeding programs have exploited
limited traits with narrow genetic and genomic resources to develop drought or heat tolerant lines.
Reproductive stages of sorghum are relatively more sensitive to stress compared to vegetative
stages. Therefore, breeding should incorporate appropriate pre-flowering and post-flowering tolerance
in a broad genetic base population and in heterotic hybrid breeding pipelines. Currently, more
than 240 QTLs are reported for drought tolerance-associated traits in sorghum prospecting discovery
of trait markers. Identifying traits and better understanding of physiological and genetic mechanisms
and quantification of genetic variability for these traits may enhance HT tolerance. Drought
and HT tolerance can be improved by better understanding mechanisms associated with tolerance
and screening large germplasm collections to identify tolerant lines and incorporation of those traits
into elite breeding lines. Systems approaches help in identifying the best donors of tolerance to be
incorporated in the SSA and SA sorghum breeding programs. Integrated breeding with use of highthroughput
precision phenomics and genomics can deliver a range of drought and HT tolerant genotypes
that can improve yield and resilience of sorghum under drought and HT stresses.
 
Publisher MDPI
 
Date 2021-09
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11892/1/ijms-22-09826.pdf
Prasad, V B R and Govindaraj, M and Djanaguiraman, M and Djalovic, I and Shailani, A and Rawat, N and Singla-Pareek, S L and Pareek, A and Prasad, P V V (2021) Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (TSI), 22 (18). pp. 1-25. ISSN 1422-0067