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Flavonoid Composition and Antioxidant Efficacy of Citrus Peels: An Integrated in vitro and in silico Approach toward Potential Neuroprotective Agents

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Title Flavonoid Composition and Antioxidant Efficacy of Citrus Peels: An Integrated in vitro and in silico Approach toward Potential Neuroprotective Agents
 
Creator Sharma, Pallavi
Dadwal, Vikas
Rahmatkar, Shubham Nilkanth
Gupta, Mahesh
Singh, Damanpreet
 
Subject Citrus reticulata c.v.
Hesperidin
Oxidative stress
Prediction of activity spectra
Reactive oxygen species
 
Description 445-454
The current study explored the therapeutic significance of different standardized citrus peel extracts as potential
neuroprotective agents using integrated in vitro and in silico approaches. Hydroethanolic extract of five industrially
important citrus fruit peels were subjected to HPLC-based quantification of estimating major flavonoids of nutraceutical
importance. Pharmacological activities like antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were determined by
in vitro assays. Further, The identified bioactive metabolites were subjected to the Prediction of Activity Spectra for
Substances program to get a prediction of their biological activity spectrum. Amongst various solvent combinations, 80%
ethanol provided maximum (≥ 20% w/w) extract yield. Mandarin peels of Citrus reticulata showed the highest amount of
polyphenolics (Citrus reticulata Blanco; 42.24 ± 0.57 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and flavonoids (Citrus reticulata
c.v.;13.08 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalent/g) content. The most abundant flavonoid compound present in all the citrus peel
was hesperidin, except Citrus reticulata Blanco and Citrus grandis, which showed a considerably high amount of nobiletin
and naringin, respectively. Citrus reticulate c.v. peel extract showed potent antioxidant [IC50 = 118.82 ± 1.97 μg/mL in 2,2-
diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and IC50 = 138.12 ± 2.67 μg/mL in 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid
assays)], anti-inflammatory (IC50 = 50.61 ± 6.79 μg/mL), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory ((IC50 = 130.61 ± 2.04μg/mL)
activities compared to the other extracts. In silico assessment revealed a high (Pa > 0.7) activity score for free radical
scavenging, lipid peroxidase inhibitory, membrane integrity agonistic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and several other
important biological activities of the identified flavonoids in the extracts, thus supported neuroprotective potential. Citrus
flavonoids naringin, rutin, and tangeretin showed high activity scores for anti-inflammatory activity strengthening the results
of in vitro assay. These potentials of citrus peels could be utilized in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals
for neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, such a practice will help citrus agro-industrial waste valorisation.
 
Date 2022-05-05T11:05:10Z
2022-05-05T11:05:10Z
2022-05
 
Type Article
 
Identifier 0975-1084 (Online); 0022-4456 (Print)
http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/59681
 
Language en
 
Publisher NIScPR-CSIR, India
 
Source JSIR Vol.81(05) [May 2022]