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The assessment of African penguin (Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, 1758)) management performances at the Underwater World Langkawi, Malaysia

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Title The assessment of African penguin (Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, 1758)) management performances at the Underwater World Langkawi, Malaysia
 
Creator Salleh, M H M
Nor, S M
 
Subject Aquaria
Captive penguin
Diet
Environmental data
Ex-situ
Husbandry manual
Water quality
 
Description 229-237
A Malaysian Aquaria, the Underwater World Langkawi (UWL), has brought in 14 African penguins (Spheniscus
demersus) for their ex-situ conservation. Following The Penguin Husbandry Manual produced by the American Zoo
Aquarium Association (AZA), the UWL has adopted the population as their management regime and, as a result, has
successfully bred the population from a total of 14 individuals to 40 individuals. This study aims to evaluate the captive
management of penguins at the UWL and increase the efficiency of the management regime at the UWL. Environmental
data were collected in this study, including the size of the Enclosure 13, temperature, lighting, seawater quality, and feeding
data. The results showed that the showcase areas fulfilled the minimum requirements of the penguin, and no significant
difference was found between morning and the evening temperatures. However, it differed significantly from the six lighting
spots, and the pool's water was within the comfort zones. The diet provided for the African penguins at UWL follows their
requirements. However, the amount of food supplied to each penguin at UWL is low compared to the food intake of the
same individual penguin in the wild. Overall, the management of UWL is excellent practice. However, some weaknesses
need further improvement.
 
Date 2022-07-12T07:40:10Z
2022-07-12T07:40:10Z
2022-03
 
Type Article
 
Identifier 2582-6727 (Online); 2582-6506 (Print)
http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60102
 
Language en
 
Publisher NIScPR-CSIR, India
 
Source IJMS Vol.51(03) [March 2022]