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<strong>Numerical Estimation of X-ray Emission from Europa and Dependence on Solar Activity</strong>

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Title Statement <strong>Numerical Estimation of X-ray Emission from Europa and Dependence on Solar Activity</strong>
 
Added Entry - Uncontrolled Name BRIGHT, SMART KUNDASSERY; Research Scholar, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology,
Babu, C A
COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 
Uncontrolled Index Term SPACE PHYSICS, PLANETARY PHYSICS
Solar X-rays; Europa; Photoelectric absorption; Rayleigh Scattering; Veneer
 
Summary, etc. <p>Tenuous Europa is now known as an X-ray emitter. X-ray emission from a tenuous planetary object has an intricate connection to its surface composition. By taking into account the solar X-rays incident on its surface as the source of excitation of X-rays from the surface, models of probable surface composition, and physical processes leading to the generation of X-rays from the surface, we developed a numerical model to understand its X-ray emission. The model computes the solar X-ray flux at Europa distance during representative cases of a solar cycle (0.01–100 MK). Energetic photon-induced events leading to the emission of X-rays from the surface results from photoelectric absorption and scattering. Taking into account five representative phases of a solar cycle and four probable models of surface composition, we estimated the X-ray energy flux generated from the satellite and as observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO). During the representative quiet to flare cases, the X-ray flux available at Europa for surface energetics vary from 4.63 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 3.23 × 10<sup>−4</sup> erg cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (4.96 AU). Detectable X-ray energy flux from Europa at CXO varies from 5.27 × 10<sup>−22</sup> to 9.44 × 10<sup>−20</sup> erg cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. We also observed that the least energy flux is always emitted from the water-ice model of the surface composition. The presence of impurities in water-ice is seen as enhancing the X-ray emission from its veneer.</p>
 
Publication, Distribution, Etc. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics (IJPAP)
2022-08-02 12:32:00
 
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http://op.niscair.res.in/index.php/IJPAP/article/view/60913
 
Data Source Entry Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics (IJPAP); ##issue.vol## 60, ##issue.no## 7 (2022): Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics
 
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