Annual Report
KRISHI: Publication and Data Inventory Repository
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Annual Report
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Director
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Not Available
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Description |
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The National Centre far Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP) was established by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in March 1991. The Centre is located at the campus of the Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), a sister institute of ICAR and is adjacent to the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), a premier research institute in the country. The Centre has at present fifteen scientists, and fifteen supporting staff. It had a total budget of Rs. 55.49 lakhs for the year 1997-98. The Centre is guided in its policies by a high-level Research Advisory Committee (RAC) comprising mostly of eminent professionals outside the system and is supervised by the Management Committee (MC). A number of internal committees, such as Staff Research Council, Budget Review Committee, Library Committee and Publications Committee have been constituted far decentralized management. Policy research conducted during the year covered current and emerging areas of concern which include agricultural research and extension investment, evaluation and analysis, pesticide use in agriculture, sustainability of crops and cropping systems, agricultural typology far planning, diversification prospects towards high value crops, processing of fruits and vegetables, informal rural credit systems, trends and regional variations in public investment in agriculture. Agricultural research and extension investment analysis revealed that India is currently spending 0.42 per cent and 0.20 per cent of AgGDP on research (excluding education) and extension, respectively. The share of private investment is only 15 per cent in research and 8 per cent in extension. Increased resource allocation for agricultural research and extension to states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Assam and Orissa is emphasised. Ex-ante analysis of research on rice-wheat system for incremental investment to be. made under the National Agricultural Technology Project in Indo-Gangetic plains justified increase in research investment. There is not much difference between the rates of return on crop improvement research and crop and resource management research, except water management research where projected research cost is very high and expected adoption rate is comparatively low. A study on research and extension for future rainfed farming identified specific institutional factors like wider stakeholder involvement, appropriate mix in core and contract funding for client oriented system and matching changes in the incentive and reward system. The study also identified specific skill development needs for researchers and extension agents in the area of participatory techniques .group actions, project cycle management and conflict resolutions for efficient designing and delivery of appropriate rainfed farming technologies. Analysis of pesticide use in Indian agriculture showed that growth in pesticide use outweighed the growth in food production upto the first decade of green revolution. Thereafter, pesticide use registered lower growth than the growth in food production. Development of pest resistant crop cultivars and integrated pest management technologies helped in moderating intensive use of pesticides in food crops. Intensification and diversification of eco-friendly strategies is emphasised for targeting sustainable growth in future agricultural production. Growth rate analysis of rice-wheat system revealed that wheat yield growth fluctuated in West Bengal arid accelerated in Bihar. Growth rates witnessed decline in the recent quinquennium for other states. Lowest growth rates are observed in Punjab which also continued to face deceleration in growth in rice after late 1970's and in wheat after early 1980s. Bio-economic simulation of wheat production strategies in northern parts of India highlighted that delayed planting of wheat in about half of the existing area requires additionally 1.6 lakh tonne of fertiliser-N, 7.2 lakh ha m of irrigation water and energy for maintaining productivity at 4 tonnes per ha. Decelerating growth rates in yield, falling ground water table and imbalance in soil nutrient status is the emerging evidence challenging the future pathway for development. Rainfed agricultural typology study revealed that for constructing relatively more homogeneous typologies with similar response expectation to external policy stimuli, the typology classification approach should encompass not only agro-ecological variables like normal rainfall, soil type and length of growing period but also underlying poverty, output market, population pressure, infrastructure, input market and demography related socio-economic structural variables. Proposed agricultural activity based classification of 201 rainfed districts from 13 states into 15 rainfed agricultural typologies effectively integrated these agro-ecological and socio-economic variables. Analysis of diversification potentials towards high value crops in Karnataka highlighted the profitability of cultivating cereals either with flowers or with vegetables and sericulture or with fruits and vegetables. Specific preferences of the farmers for flowers, vegetables and fruits were identified alongwith the relaxable market and infrastructure related constraints for enhancing the profitability and employment potentials of high value crop based diversification in Karnataka's agriculture. A study of fruits and vegetable processing industry revealed considerable inter-state variation in terms of distribution of processing units and levels of infrastructural development which is again not matching with the production of fruits and vegetables and availability of other raw materials. Bihar, which contributes 13 per cent of total production accounts for only 1.3 per cent of processing units. Modernising and spatially extending the processing units with matching basic infrastructure is emphasised particularly in eastern and north-eastern India. In terms of future plans, following major research themes for NCAP are identified in the Perspective Plan for the Centre. Evaluation of prospective technologies Constraints to technology transfer Agricultural research policy Impact assessment Efficiency in inputs use Impact of natural resource degradation Evaluation of sustainable agricultural systems Supply, demand and markets Group action studies Institutional constraints Investments in agriculture Growth analysis and modelling As visualized in the medium-term plan, by the end of the Ninth Plan, ICAR will have an in-house unit capable of effective interface with policy making. It will have the capacity to analyse and interpret policy implications of its technology generation activities. An institutional base will be created for prioritisation of research as dictated by national concerns. The Centre will establish its credibility as a policy research group and will provide an effective mechanism for policy dialogue between ICAR and policy making bodies. It will develop strong linkages with SAUs, other ICAR institutes, centres of research, and international agricultural research centres. The human resource development programme will contribute to significant improvement in the quality and relevance of agricultural economics research in the ICARSAU system. Two Policy Papers and one Policy Brief have been published during the year 1997-98. Centre staff have also been involved in a number of professional and policy-level interactions. Not Available |
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Date |
2016-12-01T06:53:20Z
2016-12-01T06:53:20Z 1998-02-01 |
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Type |
Annual Report
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Identifier |
Not Available
Not Available http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/767 |
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Language |
English
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1997-98;
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Not Available
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