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Unsustainable Groundwater Use in Punjab Agriculture: Insights from Cost of Cultivation Survey

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Title Unsustainable Groundwater Use in Punjab Agriculture: Insights from Cost of Cultivation Survey
Not Available
 
Creator S.K. Srivastava
Ramesh Chand
S.S. Raju
Rajni Jain
Kingsly I
Jatinder Sachdeva
Jaspal Singh and Amrit Pal Kaur
 
Subject Groundwater, Footprints, Productivity, Inefficiency, Cost of cultivation data
 
Description Not Available
Groundwater depletion has emerged as the major constraint in sustaining growth in agriculturally
advanced state of Punjab. The study unravels unsustainable groundwater use in crop production using
unit-level cost of cultivation survey data. The deterioration in groundwater resources is the outcome of
technology and policy led shift in cropping pattern (towards paddy), irrigation source (towards
groundwater) and energy source (towards electricity) in Punjab. Presently, total annual groundwater draft
in the state is 72 per cent higher than the sustainable limit of 20 BCM. Agriculture being the largest user
of groundwater draft bears the prime responsibility in averting groundwater crisis. Paddy emerged as the
most water-guzzling crop consuming 45 to 88 per cent higher groundwater than other crops.
Consequently, paddy had highest groundwater footprints (cum/kg) and lowest groundwater productivity
(Rs./cum). Further, there exists large scale inefficiency in groundwater use for paddy cultivation. The
optimum level of groundwater use for paddy cultivation should be about 52 per cent less than the present
level of 1.2 ha-metre. Interestingly, large farmers emerged as more efficient user of groundwater resources
and productive as compared to farmers with smaller land holdings. The strategy to ensure sustainability
must include both groundwater supply augmentation and demand reduction measures with greater
emphasis on improving water use efficiency and curtailing non-productive use of groundwater resources
Not Available
 
Date 2016-12-06T18:28:35Z
2016-12-06T18:28:35Z
2015-07-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/852
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Not Available