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Research progress of Sorghum Physiology in rainy and postrainy seasons, 2014-15

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Title Research progress of Sorghum Physiology in rainy and postrainy seasons, 2014-15
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Creator SS Rao, HV Kalpande, SV Nirmal, VH Ashvatham, Prabhakar, P Sujatha, P Satish & JS Mishra
 
Subject Sorghum
Drought tolerance
Phenotyping
Physiological traits
Root traits
plant growth substances
 
Description Not Available
This report describes the field experiments were conducted during rainy and postrainy season (kharif and Rabi) of 2014-2015 across the dryland semi-arid tropical locations (latitudes) of India under All India Coordinated Sorghum Improvement Project. The objectives of the research were (1) to evaluate new germplasm sources for variability in climate change (mid-and terminal drought and temperature stresses) and staygreen in kharif production system, (2) to assess the performance and stability of genotypes across a range of environments (latitudes) and soil types (especially alfisols) and identify superior genotypes and (3) to characterize plant traits contributing higher biomass accumulation combining mid-season drought and heat stress tolerance. The research trials were organized at Parbhani (190 08' N; 760 50'E), Phaltan (180 47' N; 740 32'E), Akola and Hyderabad (170 27' N; 780 28' E). The results revealed that in phenotyping thirty promising kharif sorghum germplasm for mid-season drought adaptation showed genotypes produced higher grain yield and stable under both dryland stress and limited irrigated conditions were IS 13521, SPV 462, CSV 15, S35, NTJ 2, and E36-1. Preliminary evaluation of diverse germplasm for rabi adaptation showed that RSV 1785, SLV 182, and IS 469 produced higher grain yields combining greater biomass production. Similarly, phenotyping advanced rabi sorghum entries for drought adaptation traits in medium and shallow soils revealed that BRJ 229, and RSV 1640 were stable across the soil depths. Higher SPAD (more leaf staygreen) resulted in realization of higher RWC, grain yield, panicle mass (r=-0.543; 0.557; 0.510; P£0.05 resp.). In terms of DSI for grain yields, RSV 1544 (DSI=0.617), RSV 1572 (DSI=0.686), and RSV 1640 (DSI=0.727) were relatively more stable than checks. Interestingly, phenotyping sorghum genotypes for key root traits associated with drought adaptation has led to the identification of entries such as RSV 1620, CRS 49 and BRJ 229 with superior root traits under stress and non-stress conditions. Drought alleviation of sorghum by using fertilizer nutrients and plant growth substances (PGR) too indicated that PGR foliar spraying treatment (plantozyme (seaweed extract)- 2 ml/ litre water at 30, 60 & 90 DAS) gave 10% , 12%, 20%, 23% and 43% increase in grain yield over Tricontinol 5ppm , GA 25ppm, 6-BA 50ppm, NAA 50ppm, and control respectively .
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Date 2018-11-13T08:53:28Z
2018-11-13T08:53:28Z
2015-06-15
 
Type Technical Report
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/10838
 
Language English
 
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Publisher Not Available