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LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT NARAYANAPET-1 (4D5B1S1b) MICROWATERSHED Sydhapur Hobli, Yadgir Taluk and District, Karnataka

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Title LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT NARAYANAPET-1 (4D5B1S1b) MICROWATERSHED Sydhapur Hobli, Yadgir Taluk and District, Karnataka
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Creator Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., B.A. Dhanorkar, S. Srinivas, M. Lalitha, K.V. Niranjana, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh
 
Subject Details of Soil Survey, Soil constraints, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil Suitability, Economic Land Evaluation, Watershed Planning, Sujala – III Project
 
Description Not Available
The land resource inventory of Narayanpet-1 Microwatershed was conducted
using village cadastral maps and IRS satellite imagery on 1:7920 scale. The false colour
composites of IRS imagery were interpreted for physiography and the physiographic
delineations were used as base for mapping soils. The soils were studied in several
transects and a soil map was prepared with phases of soil series as mapping units.
Random checks were made all over the area outside the transects to confirm and validate
the soil map unit boundaries. The soil map shows the geographic distribution and extent,
characteristics, classification, behavior and use potentials of the soils in the
microwatershed.
The present study covers an area of 316 ha in Yadgir taluk & district, Karnataka.
The climate is semiarid and categorized as drought-prone with an average annual
rainfall of 866 mm, of which about 652 mm is received during south-west monsoon, 138
mm during north-east and the remaining 76 mm during the rest of the year. An area of
293 ha in the microwatershed is covered by soils, 23 ha by others (habitation and water
body). The salient findings from the land resource inventory are summarized briefly
below.
 The soils belong to 6 soil series and 7 soil phases (management units) and
six land management units.
 The length of crop growing period is about 120-150 days starting from 1st
week of June to 4th week of October.
 From the master soil map, several interpretative and thematic maps like
land capability, soil depth, surface soil texture, soil gravelliness, available
water capacity, soil slope and soil erosion were generated.
 Soil fertility status maps for macro and micronutrients were generated
based on the surface soil samples collected at every 320 m grid interval.
 Land suitability for growing 26 major agricultural and horticultural crops
was assessed and maps showing the degree of suitability along with
constraints were generated.
 Entire area in the microwatershed is suitable for agriculture.
 About 24 per cent soils in the microwatershed are very deep (>150 cm), 41
per cent is deep (100-150 cm), 6 per cent is moderately deep (75-100 cm), 4
per cent is moderately shallow (50-75 cm), 12 per cent is shallow (25-50
cm) and 7 per cent soils are very shallow (9.0).
 The Electrical Conductivity (EC) of 75 per cent area in the microwatershed
are non saline (57 kg/ha).
 Entire area in the microwatershed is high (>337 kg/ha) in available
potassium.
 Available sulphur is low (20 ppm) in 59 per cent
area of the microwatershed.
 Available boron is low (1.0 ppm) in only 1 per
cent area of the microwatershed.
 Available iron is sufficient (>4.5 ppm) in 51 per cent area and deficient in
42 per cent area of the microwatershed.
 Available manganese and copper are sufficient in all the soils of the
microwatershed.
 Available zinc is deficient (0.6 ppm) in 34 per cent area of the microwatershed.
 The land suitability for 26 major crops grown in the microwatershed were
assessed and the areas that are highly suitable (S1) and moderately suitable
(S2) are given below. It is however to be noted that a given soil may be
suitable for various crops but what specific crop to be grown may be
decided by the farmer looking to his capacity to invest on various inputs,
marketing infrastructure, market price and finally the demand and supply
position.
Land suitability for various crops in the Microwatershed
Crop
Suitability
Area in ha (%)
Crop
Suitability
Area in ha (%)
Highly
suitable
(S1)
Moderately
suitable
(S2)
Highly
suitable
(S1)
Moderately
suitable
(S2)
Sorghum 75(24) 158(50) Sapota - -
Maize - 233(74) Guava - -
Redgram - 219(70) Pomegranate - 220(70)
Bajra - 233(74) Jackfruit - -
Groundnut - 13(4) Jamun - 203(64)
Sunflower - 220(70) Musambi 128(41) 92(29)
Cotton 203(64) 31(10) Lime 128(41) 92(29)
Bengal gram 203(64) 30(10) Cashew - -
Chilli - 105(33) Custard apple 220(70) 13(4)
Tomato - 13(4) Amla 75(24) 158(50)
Drumstick - 220(70) Tamarind - 203(64)
Mulberry - - Marigold - 233(74)
Mango - - Chrysanthemum - 233(74)
 Apart from the individual crop suitability, a proposed crop plan has been
prepared for the identified LMUs by considering only the highly and moderately
suitable lands for different crops and cropping systems with food, fodder, fibre
and other horticulture crops.
 Maintaining soil-health is vital for crop production and conserve soil and land
resource base for maintaining ecological balance and to mitigate climate change.
For this, several ameliorative measures have been suggested to these problematic
soils like saline/alkali, highly eroded, sandy soils etc.,
 Soil and water conservation treatment plan has been prepared that would help in
identifying the sites to be treated and also the type of structures required.
 As part of the greening programme, several tree species have been suggested to
be planted in marginal and submarginal lands, field bunds and also in the
hillocks, mounds and ridges. This would help in not only supplementing the farm
income but also provide fodder and fuel and generate lot of biomass which would
help in maintaining an ecological balance and also contribute to mitigating the
climate change. SALIENT FINDINGS OF THE SURVEY
 The data on households sampled for socio economic survey indicated that 35
farmers were sampled in Narayanpet-1 micro-watershed among them 4 (11.43 %)
were landless, 6 (17.14 %) were marginal farmers, 14 (40 %) were small farmers,
9 (25.71 %) were semi medium farmers and 2 (5.71 %) were medium farmers.
 The data indicated that there were 94 (58.39 %) men and 67 (41.61 %) women
among the sampled households. The average family size of landless farmers’ was
4, marginal farmers’ was 4.8, small farmers’ was 4.6, semi medium farmers’ was
5.7 and medium farmers’ was 6.
 The data indicated that, 38 (23.60 %) people were in 0-15 years of age, 71 (44.10
%) were in 16-35 years of age, 43 (26.71 %) were in 36-60 years of age and 9
(5.59 %) were above 61 years of age.
 The results indicated that Narayanpet-1 had 41.61 per cent illiterates, 0.62 per
cent Functional Literate, 29.19 per cent of them had primary school, 5.59 per cent
of them had middle school, 7.45 per cent of them had high school education, 4.97
per cent of them had PUC, 1.24 per cent of them had Diploma, 0.62 per cent of
them had ITI, 4.35 per cent of them had Degree and 1.24 per cent of them had
Masters education.
 The results indicate that, 65.71 per cent of household heads were practicing
agriculture, 14.29 per cent of the household heads were agricultural labourers,
17.14 per cent of the household heads were General labourers and 5.71 per cent
of the household heads were Housewives.
 The results indicate that agriculture was the major occupation for 42.24 per cent
of the household members, 8.70 per cent were agricultural labourers, 9.94 per
cent were General Labour, 0.62 per cent were Government Service, 3.11 per cent
were Private Service, 24.22 per cent were Student, 6.83 per cent were Housewife
and 3.73 per cent were children.
 The results show that, 0.62 per cent of the population in the micro watershed has
participated in User Group.
 The results indicate that 8.57 per cent of the households possess thatched house,
77.14 per cent of the households possess katcha house and 14.29 per cent of them
possess pucca/RCC house.
 The results show that 68.57 per cent of the households possess TV, 42.86 per cent
of the households possess mixer/grinder, 20 per cent of the households possess
Bicycle, 28.57 per cent of the households possess Motor Cycle, 2.86 per cent of
the households possess auto and Landline Phone and 94.29 per cent of the
households possess mobile phones.
2
 The results show that the average value of television was Rs. 3,645, mixer/grinder
was Rs. 1,400, Bicycle was Rs. 1,142, motor cycle was Rs. 32,500, auto was Rs.
60,000, Landline Phone was Rs. 2,000 and mobile phone was Rs. 1,280.
 About 8.57 per cent of the households possess bullock cart, 28.57 per cent of them
possess plough, 5.71 per cent of them possess seed/fertilizer drill, 2.86 per cent of
them possess tractor, 5.71 per cent of them possess Sprayer and 74.29 per cent of
them possess Weeder.
 The results show that the average value of bullock cart was Rs. 25,000, plough
was Rs. 2,500, seed/fertilizer drill was Rs. 3,500, tractor was Rs. 700,000, sprayer
was Rs. 3,750 and weeder was Rs. 30.
 The results indicate that, 34.29 per cent of the households possess bullocks, 2.86
per cent of the households possess local cow and 5.71 per cent of the households
possess Sheep.
 The results indicate that, average own labour men available in the micro
watershed was 1.45, average own labour (women) available was 1.39, average
hired labour (men) available was 13.61 and average hired labour (women)
available was 14.42.
 The results indicate that, 88.57 per cent of the households opined that the hired
labour was adequate.
 The results indicate that, households of the Narayanpet-1 micro-watershed
possess 58.53 ha (98.64 %) of dry land and 0.81 ha (1.36 %) of irrigated land.
Marginal farmers possess 4.18 ha (100 %) of dry land. Small farmers possess
20.19 ha (96.15 %) of dry land and 0.81 ha (3.85 %) of irrigated land. Semi
medium farmers possess 24.76 ha (100%) of dry land. Medium farmers possess
9.40 ha (100%) of dry land.
 The results indicate that, the average value of dry land was Rs. 284,349.72 and
the average value of irrigated land was Rs. 988,000. In case of marginal famers,
the average land value was Rs. 728,578.34 for dry land. In case of small famers,
the average land value was Rs. 309,430.75 for dry land and Rs. 988,000 for
irrigated land. In case of semi medium famers, the average land value was Rs.
246,273.29 for dry land. In case of medium farmers, the average land value was
Rs. 132,967.27 for dry land.
 The results indicate that, canal was the major irrigation source in the micro water
shed for 2.86 per cent of the farmers.
 The results indicate that, small farmers had an irrigated area of 0.81 ha.
 The results indicate that, farmers have grown red gram (14.01 ha), cotton (33.81
ha), paddy (0.81 ha), Red gram (14.01 ha) and Sorghum (7.81 ha). Marginal
farmers have grown red gram and cotton. Small farmers have grown red gram,
cotton, sorghum and paddy. Semi medium farmers have grown sorghum, red gram
and cotton. Medium farmers have grown red gram and cotton.
3
 The results indicate that, the cropping intensity in Narayanpet-1 micro-watershed
was found to be 90.89 per cent.
 The results indicate that, 57.14 per cent of the households have bank account.
 The results indicate that, 57.14 per cent of the households have availed credit
from different sources.
 The results indicate that, the total cost of cultivation for Cotton was Rs. 24097.92.
The gross income realized by the farmers was Rs. 50036.33. The net income from
Cotton cultivation was Rs. 25938.41. Thus the benefit cost ratio was found to be
1: 2.08.
 The results indicate that, the total cost of cultivation for Sorghum was Rs.
10861.55. The gross income realized by the farmers was Rs. 24428.78. The net
income from Sorghum cultivation was Rs. 13567.23. Thus the benefit cost ratio
was found to be 1: 2.25.
 The results indicate that, the total cost of cultivation for Red gram was Rs.
20532.37. The gross income realized by the farmers was Rs. 31589.33. The net
income from Red gram cultivation was Rs. 11056.96. Thus the benefit cost ratio
was found to be 1: 1.54.
 The results indicate that, the total cost of cultivation for Paddy was Rs. 33932.61.
The gross income realized by the farmers was Rs. 160550. The net income from
Paddy cultivation was Rs. 126617.39. Thus the benefit cost ratio was found to be
1: 4.73.
 The results indicate that, 42.86 per cent of the households opined that dry fodder
was adequate.
 The results indicate that the annual gross income was Rs. 162,500 for landless
farmers, for marginal farmers it was Rs. 65,016.67, for small farmers it was Rs.
117,403.57, semi medium farmers it was Rs. 182,027.78 and medium farmers it
was Rs. 179,500.
 The results indicate that the average annual expenditure is Rs. 17,092.40. For
landless households it was Rs. 30,625, for marginal farmers it was Rs. 2,833.33,
for small farmers it was Rs. 12,643.71, for semi medium farmers it was Rs.
23,246.91 and medium farmers it was Rs. 36,250.
 The results indicate that, sampled households have grown 1mango trees in their
field.
 The results indicate that, households have planted 4 Teak, 30 neem, 2 tamarind, 6
Banyan and 2 acacia trees in their field and also 2 teak and 5 neem in backyard.
 The results indicated that, households have an average investment capacity of Rs.
12,942.86 for land development Rs. 18,142.86 for Irrigation facility, Rs. 1,228.57
for improved crop production and Rs. 2,485.71 for improved livestock
management.
4
 The results indicated that Government subsidy was the source of additional
investment for 2.78 per cent for land development and improved livestock
management, Loan from bank was the source of additional investment for 22.22
per cent for land development and 13.89 per cent for irrigation facility, 25 per
cent for improved crop production and 16.67 per cent for improved livestock
management, soft loan was the source of additional investment for 2.78 per cent
for improved livestock management.
 The results indicated that, cotton was sold to the extent of 100 per cent, Paddy
was sold to the extent of 60 per cent, Redgram was sold to the extent of 71.26 per
cent and Sorghum to the extent of 90.48 per cent.
 The results indicated that, about 94.29 per cent of the farmers sold their produce
to local/village merchants.
 The results indicated that, 2.86 per cent of the households have used cart as a
mode of transportation and 91.43 per cent of the households have used Tractor as
a mode of transportation.
 The results indicated that, 88.57 per cent of the households have experienced soil
and water erosion problems in the farm.
 The results indicated that, 88.57 per cent have shown interest in soil test.
 The results indicated that, 85.71 per cent of the households used firewood, 5.71
per cent of the households used Kerosene and 14.29 per cent of the households
used LPG as a source of fuel.
 The results indicated that, piped supply was the major source of drinking water
for 94.29 per cent and 2.86 per cent of the households used bore well in the micro
watershed.
 The results indicated that, Electricity was the major source of light for 100 per
cent of the households in micro watershed.
 The results indicated that, 48.57 per cent of the households possess sanitary toilet
facility.
 The results indicated that, 97.14 per cent of the sampled households possessed
BPL cards and 2.86 per cent of the sampled households Not Possessed.
 The results indicated that, 65.71 per cent of the households participated in
NREGA programme.
 The results indicated that, cereals were adequate for 100 per cent of the
households, pulses were adequate for 97.14 per cent of the households, oilseed
were adequate for 88.57 per cent, vegetables were adequate for 65.71 per cent,
milk were adequate for 80 per cent and Egg were adequate for 8.57 per cent.
 The results indicated that, pulses were inadequate for 2.86 per cent of the
households, oilseeds were inadequate for 11.43 per cent, vegetables were
inadequate for 31.43 per cent, fruits were inadequate for 100 per cent, milk were
5
inadequate for 20 per cent, egg were inadequate for 88.57 per cent and meat were
inadequate for 100 per cent of the households.
 The results indicated that, lower fertility status of the soil, wild animal menace on
farm field and Frequent incidence of pest and diseases was the constraint
experienced by 88.57 per cent of the households, Inadequacy of irrigation water
(2.86 %), High cost of Fertilizers and plant protection chemicals, High rate of
interest on credit and Low price for the agricultural commodities (85.71 %), Lack
of marketing facilities in the area (82.86 %), high rate of interest on credit
(11.43%), low price for the agricultural commodities (20%), lack of marketing
facilities in the area (17.14%), Inadequate extension services (5.71 %) and lack of
transport for safe transport of the Agril produce to the market (80%).
Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (World Bank Funded) Sujala –III Project
 
Date 2021-07-25T01:33:32Z
2021-07-25T01:33:32Z
2019-12-31
 
Type Project Report
 
Identifier Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., B.A. Dhanorkar, S. Srinivas, M. Lalitha, K.V. Niranjana, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh (2019), “Land Resource Inventory and Socio- Economic Status of Farm Households for Watershed Planning and Development of Narayanpet-1 (4D5B1S1b) Microwatershed, Sydhapura Hobli, Yadgir Taluk & District, Karnataka”, ICAR-NBSS&LUP Sujala MWS Publ.198, ICAR – NBSS & LUP, RC, Bangalore. P.99 & 31.
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/49995
 
Language English
 
Relation 198;
 
Publisher ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru & Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (Sujala-III Project)