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Effect of Surface Residue Management under Minimum Tillage on Crop yield and Soil Quality Indices after 6 years in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) - Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) System in Rainfed Alfisols

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Title Effect of Surface Residue Management under Minimum Tillage on Crop yield and Soil Quality Indices after 6 years in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) - Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) System in Rainfed Alfisols
 
Creator K.L Sharma, K. Sammi Reddy, G. Ravindra Chary, A.K. Indoria, K. Srinivas, D. Suma Chandrika, Munna Lal, M. Prabhakar, G. Prathiba, Pravin Thakur, M. Vasavi and P. Haindavi
 
Subject Alfisol, crop yields, crop residue, minimum tillage, rainfed, soil quality indices, sustainability
 
Description Not Available
ABSTRACT: This experiment was conducted in rainfed semi-arid tropical Alfisol at Hayathnagar Research Farm of Central Research
Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India, during the period 2005 to 2010 to study the long-term effect of varying levels
of surface residue application under minimum tillage on crop yields and soil quality in sorghum-cowpea system. The experiment
was conducted in a randomized block design with minimum tillage (MT) as main block. The experimental treatments comprised of
application of four levels of dry sorghum residues (@ 0, 2, 4 and 6 t/ha) as surface application. After 6th year of the experimentation,
the pooled mean sorghum grain yield varied from 1607 to 1819 kg/ha across the treatments and was significantly influenced by the
residue application. The percent increase in pooled grain yields with residue application @ 2, 4 and 6 t/ha was to the extent of 5, 9
and 13.0% respectively over the control (no residue application). Similarly, the pooled mean cowpea yield varied from 335 to 541 kg/
ha across the treatments and was significantly influenced by the residue application. The percent increase in cowpea grain yield with
@ 2, 4 and 6 t/ha was to the extent of 28, 61 and 45% respectively no residue application. Significantly higher organic carbon (6.80
g/kg) content was recorded with the application of sorghum stover @ 6 t/ha which was 55.89% higher compared to control (4.36 g/
kg). The increase in available N with the application of 6t and 4t crop residue was to the extent of 19.5 and 28% respectively while
significantly higher contents of soil available P (10.67 kg/ha) and K (288.8 kg/ha) were observed with application of sorghum residue
@ 4 t/ha. Among the biological properties, significantly higher microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA)
were recorded with the application of sorghum stover @ 4 t/ha. Besides reducing the bulk density, the application of residues had a
significant influence on the mean weight diameter (MWD) of the soil aggregates. The highest overall soil quality index (SQI: 9.58)
was observed with the residue application @ 6 t/ha. A significant positive relationship was observed between SQI and pooled cowpea
seed yield (R2=0.82) and pooled sorghum grain yield (R2=0.69).
Not Available
 
Date 2018-09-19T07:23:42Z
2018-09-19T07:23:42Z
2018-06-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/7021
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher ISDA