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Energy Budgeting of Sustainable Rice Based Cropping Systems in Sub Tropical India

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Title Energy Budgeting of Sustainable Rice Based Cropping Systems in Sub Tropical India
Not Available
 
Creator V. P. Chaudhary, B. Gangwar, D. K. Pandey
 
Subject Energy input, output and net return energy, MTR energy, rice based cropping systems
 
Description Not Available
The f ield investigations were
carried out for energy dynamics
in terms of various input used and
outputs harvested under rice (Oryza
satva L.) based cropping systems
at the research farm of Project
Directorate for Farming Systems
Research, Modipuram, Meerut,
India during 2003 to 2007. The experiments
were conducted with five
rice planting methods, viz. direct
seeding; (1) dry bed, drum seeding
(2) wet bed, mechanical transplanting
(3) puddled, mechanical transplanting
(4) unpuddled and manual
transplanting (5) puddled and three
cropping systems involving rice
(Oryza satva L.)-wheat (Triticum
aestivum L. emend. Fiori. Paol.),
rice-chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
and rice-mustard (Brassica Juncia
L. czernj & coss.) crops in randomized
block design replicated three
times. The results revealed that the
input energy consumed was 40,
27, 14 and 7.7 percent in fertilizer,
diesel fuel for irrigation, machineries,
and labour of total energy used,
respectively, for crop production in
rice-wheat system. The comparison
of different cropping systems shows
that rice-chickpea consumed least
input energy (i.e. 30,698 to 35,046
MJ/ha) followed by rice-mustard
(varied from 36,195 to 40,543 MJ/
ha) and rice-wheat (varied from
39,984 to 44,332 MJ/ha). System
wise energy analysis indicated that
the highest input energy (44,332
MJ/ha) was consumed in manually
transplanted (puddled) followed
by mechanically t ransplantedpuddled
(43,686 MJ/ha) while lowest
was mechanically transplantedunpuddled
(39,984 MJ/ha), direct
seeded-dry bed (42,027 MJ/ha) and
drum seeded-wet bed (42,197 MJ/
ha) in rice-wheat system. The output
energy was highest in drum seeded
(212,798 MJ/ha) closely followed by
direct seeded (211,350 MJ/ha) and
lowest was manually transplanted
in puddled (193,916 MJ/ha) which
is statistically at par. The net return
energy of the system was found to
be high in drum seeded (170,595
MJ/ha) followed by direct seeded
(169,271 MJ/ha) and lowest was in
manually transplanted in puddled
(149,390 MJ/ha) which were nonsignificant.
The direct and drum
seeded required about 5 percent less
input energy and gave 8 to 9 percent
higher output energy as compared
to manually transplanted in puddled
field. Whereas, in case of mechanically
transplanted (unpuddled), it
required 10 percent less input energy
and provided 6 percent higher
output energy, however, in puddled
condition mechanically transplanted
required 1.5 percent less input energy
and gave 3 percent higher output
energy as compared to manually
transplanted (puddled). Similar pattern
of energy dynamics were also
found in rice-chickpea and ricemustard
systems
Not Available
 
Date 2019-12-04T05:18:43Z
2019-12-04T05:18:43Z
2014-01-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/26862
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Researchgate