Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity
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Title |
Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity
Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity |
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Creator |
ICAR_CRIDA
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Subject |
Aggressivity, Competitive ratio, Horsegram, Intercropping, Relative crowding co-efficient
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Description |
Not Available
Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verde] is an important rainy (kharif) season pulse crop of north-westem Himalaya and southern part of India grown under rainfed conditions. It is under exploited legume rich in iron (Virk et a]. 2006). The varieties available in the hilly regions ofnorthwest Himalayas are 1.0 to 1.25 m in length. Stems are weak, therefore, it spreads on groundas creepers and fully covers the soil surface with dense canopy. Crop canopy is so dense that light and air cannot penetrate properly ground surface and lower canopy. Pods and leaves present on the lower parts do not develop properly and mostly fall down. Heavy rainfall and waterlogging conditions furtheraggravatethe problem. These result in poor grain yield of horsegram. Providing support to horsegram crop through intercrops may helps in better aeration and light penetration to lower crop canopy. Higher income under intercropping of horsegram with maize (Zea mays L.) was reported by Reddy et al. (2005). Similarly, planting methods, like ridge sowing and zero—tillage (Blackshaw etal. 2007) and growth retardant may help to enhance pulses productivity. The informationin these aspects is not available in horsegram under hill condition. Hence the study was planned to see the effect of supporting intercrop, sowing method and growth retardanton horsegram productivity. A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2005 and 2006 at the experimental farm, Hawalbagh (29°36’N, 79°40' W and 1 250 m above sea level) of Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand. The area has a typical sub-tropical climate, with severe cold winter, hot and dry summer and rainy season. Average annual rainfall in the area is 1 020 mm/annum. The total rainfall received during rainy season of 2005 and 2006 was 797 and 580 mm, respectively. During kharif2005 monsoon was late and hence therefore sowing was done by the end of June, whereas during 2006 well distributed good rainfall was received. Soil was classifiedas sandy clay loam with slightly acidic in reaction (pH 6.2) and medium in organic carbon (0.5%) with low in available N (174 kg/ha), and medium in available P (11.2 kg/ha) and K (194 kg/ha). Promising varieties ‘VL Gahat 1’ of horsegram, ‘Him 129’ of maize, ‘VL Madua 146’ of finger millet (Eleusine coracona Gaertn), ‘VLArhar 1’ of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) and ‘VL Madira 29’ barnyard millet (EchinochloafrumentaceaL.) were used for study. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of recommended sowing on flat bed, ridge sowing, zero tillage sowing, growth retardant (maleic hydrazide), horsegram + maize (green cobs) (2:1), horsegram + finger millet (1:1), horsegram + pigeonpea, horsegram + barnyard millet (1:1) and sole crop of maize (green cobs), finger millet, pigeonpea and barnyard millet. Maleic hydrazide @ 50 ppm was applied twice at 30—35 days after sowing and at flowering stage. The crops were sown during first fortnight of June in both the years at a row spacing of 30 cm. One hand weeding was carried out at 25— 30 days after sowing. The recommended dose of fertilizers for horsegram 20, 17.6 and 16.6 kg NPK/ ha was given to sole crop of horsegram and intercropping of horsegram with fingermillet, pigeonpea and barnyard millet, while 90, 26.4 and 33.2 kg NPK/ha for sole crop of maize and 45, 13.2 and 16.6 kg NPK/ha for maize lines in intercrop with horsegram were applied. All the fertilizers were applied at the time of field preparation except in case of maize in which half dose of N was applied as basal and half in 2 split doses at knee—height stage and tasseling stage. The harvesting was done at maturity of each crop. Horsegram equivalent yield was worked out on the basis of existing market price of each crop. After harvesting the crop soil samples were taken from surface soil (0—15 cm) for analysis. Not Available |
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Date |
2020-02-25T06:18:51Z
2020-02-25T06:18:51Z 2009 |
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Type |
Technical Report
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Identifier |
Not Available
Not Available http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/32597 |
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Language |
English
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Relation |
Not Available;
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Publisher |
K SRINIVAS, K A GOPINATH
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