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Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity

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Title Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity
Effect of sowing method, growth retardant and intercropping on horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) productivity
 
Creator ICAR_CRIDA
 
Subject Aggressivity, Competitive ratio, Horsegram, Intercropping, Relative crowding co-efficient
 
Description Not Available
Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verde] is an
important rainy (kharif) season pulse crop of north-westem
Himalaya and southern part of India grown under rainfed
conditions. It is under exploited legume rich in iron (Virk et
a]. 2006). The varieties available in the hilly regions ofnorthwest
Himalayas are 1.0 to 1.25 m in length. Stems are weak,
therefore, it spreads on groundas creepers and fully covers the
soil surface with dense canopy. Crop canopy is so dense that
light and air cannot penetrate properly ground surface and
lower canopy. Pods and leaves present on the lower parts do
not develop properly and mostly fall down. Heavy rainfall and
waterlogging conditions furtheraggravatethe problem. These
result in poor grain yield of horsegram. Providing support to
horsegram crop through intercrops may helps in better aeration
and light penetration to lower crop canopy. Higher income
under intercropping of horsegram with maize (Zea mays L.)
was reported by Reddy et al. (2005). Similarly, planting
methods, like ridge sowing and zero—tillage (Blackshaw etal.
2007) and growth retardant may help to enhance pulses
productivity. The informationin these aspects is not available
in horsegram under hill condition. Hence the study was
planned to see the effect of supporting intercrop, sowing
method and growth retardanton horsegram productivity.
A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif)
season of 2005 and 2006 at the experimental farm,
Hawalbagh (29°36’N, 79°40' W and 1 250 m above sea level)
of Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan,
Almora, Uttarakhand. The area has a typical sub-tropical
climate, with severe cold winter, hot and dry summer and rainy season. Average annual rainfall in the area is 1 020
mm/annum. The total rainfall received during rainy season
of 2005 and 2006 was 797 and 580 mm, respectively. During
kharif2005 monsoon was late and hence therefore sowing
was done by the end of June, whereas during 2006 well
distributed good rainfall was received.
Soil was classifiedas sandy clay loam with slightly acidic
in reaction (pH 6.2) and medium in organic carbon (0.5%)
with low in available N (174 kg/ha), and medium in available
P (11.2 kg/ha) and K (194 kg/ha). Promising varieties ‘VL
Gahat 1’ of horsegram, ‘Him 129’ of maize, ‘VL Madua 146’
of finger millet (Eleusine coracona Gaertn), ‘VLArhar 1’ of
pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) and ‘VL Madira 29’
barnyard millet (EchinochloafrumentaceaL.) were used for
study. The experiment was laid out in randomized block
design with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of
recommended sowing on flat bed, ridge sowing, zero tillage
sowing, growth retardant (maleic hydrazide), horsegram +
maize (green cobs) (2:1), horsegram + finger millet (1:1),
horsegram + pigeonpea, horsegram + barnyard millet (1:1)
and sole crop of maize (green cobs), finger millet, pigeonpea
and barnyard millet. Maleic hydrazide @ 50 ppm was applied
twice at 30—35 days after sowing and at flowering stage.
The crops were sown during first fortnight of June in both
the years at a row spacing of 30 cm. One hand weeding was
carried out at 25— 30 days after sowing. The recommended
dose of fertilizers for horsegram 20, 17.6 and 16.6 kg NPK/
ha was given to sole crop of horsegram and intercropping of
horsegram with fingermillet, pigeonpea and barnyard millet,
while 90, 26.4 and 33.2 kg NPK/ha for sole crop of maize
and 45, 13.2 and 16.6 kg NPK/ha for maize lines in intercrop
with horsegram were applied. All the fertilizers were applied
at the time of field preparation except in case of maize in
which half dose of N was applied as basal and half in 2 split
doses at knee—height stage and tasseling stage. The harvesting
was done at maturity of each crop. Horsegram equivalent
yield was worked out on the basis of existing market price
of each crop. After harvesting the crop soil samples were
taken from surface soil (0—15 cm) for analysis.
Not Available
 
Date 2020-02-25T06:18:51Z
2020-02-25T06:18:51Z
2009
 
Type Technical Report
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/32597
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher K SRINIVAS, K A GOPINATH