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Economics, energy, and environmental assessment of diversified crop rotations in sub-Himalayas of India

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Title Economics, energy, and environmental assessment of diversified crop rotations in sub-Himalayas of India
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Creator Raman Jeet Singh
Roshan Lal Meena
N. K. Sharma
Suresh Kumar
Kuldeep Kumar
Dileep Kumar
 
Subject Carbon emission ,Energy use efficiency ,Maize ,Rice, Tomato ,Wheat
 
Description Not Available
Reducing the carbon footprint and increasing
energy use efficiency of crop rotations are the two most
important sustainability issues of the modern agriculture.
Present study was undertaken to assess economics,
energy, and environmental parameters of common diversified
crop rotations (maize-tomato, and maize-toriawheat)
vis-a-vis traditional crop rotations like maizewheat,
maize + ginger and rice-wheat of the northwestern
Himalayan region of India. Results revealed
that maize-tomato and maize + ginger crop rotations
being on par with each other produced significantly
higher system productivity in terms of maize equivalent
yield (30.2–36.2 t/ha) than other crop rotations (5.04–
7.68 t/ha). But interestingly in terms of energy efficiencies,
traditional maize-wheat system (energy efficiency
7.9, human energy profitability of 177.8 and energy
profitability of 6.9 MJ/ha) was significantly superior
over other systems. Maize + ginger rotation showed
greater competitive advantage over other rotations
because of less consumption of non-renewable energy
resources. Similarly, maize-tomato rotation had
ability of the production process to exploit natural
resources due to 14–38 % less use of commercial or
purchased energy sources over other crop rotations.
Vegetable-based crop rotations (maize + ginger and
maize-tomato) maintained significantly the least carbon
footprint (0.008 and 0.019 kg CO2 eq./kg grain,
respectively) and the highest profitability (154,322
and 274,161 Rs./ha net return, respectively) over
other crop rotations. As the greatest inputs of energy
and carbon across the five crop rotations were nitrogen
fertilizer (15–29 % and 17–28 %, respectively),
diesel (14–24 % and 8–19 %, respectively) and
irrigation (10–27 % and 11–44 %, respectively),
therefore, alternative sources like organic farming,
conservation agriculture practices, soil and water
conservation measures, rain water harvesting etc.
should be encouraged to reduce dependency of direct
energy and external carbon inputs particularly in subHimalayas
of India.
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Date 2020-06-02T11:12:34Z
2020-06-02T11:12:34Z
2015-12-22
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/36802
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Not Available