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Sustainable intensification of transgenic cotton in India - A review

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Title Sustainable intensification of transgenic cotton in India - A review
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Creator RAMAN JEET SINGH
 
Subject Cotton, Cropping systems, Economics, Environment, Sustainability, Transgenic
 
Description Not Available
World population is projected to reach over nine billion by the year 2050, and ensuring fiber security while mitigating
environmental impacts represent a major agricultural challenge. Conventional cotton (Gossypium sp) production
technologies had significant effects on the environment and farm profitability in the past. New era transgenic or Bt
cotton production technology can be used to simultaneously reduce the environmental footprint and enhance the
profitability of cotton production. Information on these two sustainability aspects of transgenic cotton is missing in
the scientific literature. Here, we review the potential advantages of insect tolerance Bt insect resistant technology
used in hybrid cotton by comparing with the major cereal based rotations in India. Our results suggested that by using
this technology, there was significant reduction in pesticide use roughly by 40%, and yield advantages of 30-40%.
These resulted in saving on fossil fuels and decreasing CO
emissions– which are major bonus for climate change
mitigation. During the last decade, significant increase in cotton area and production in India is attributed to better
returns realized by the farmers, which were largely due to better management practices followed to grow transgenic
cotton. Most of the studies conducted in India, concluded that Bt-cotton is more efficient in input use and had a lower
environmental impact quotient, which indicates less damage to the environment than non-Bt-cotton. However, Btcotton
based cropping systems have less profitability and energy efficiency in comparison to the major cereal based rotations
in India due to lesser productivity potential of cotton crop particularly in rain-fed ecosystems. This was mainly attributed
to the lesser dissemination of proven energy-efficient research technologies to the farmer’s fields. Although, Bt-cotton
can contribute to a “sustainable intensification” strategy favoured by many science academies worldwide, which
allows productivity/production to be increased in the current crop land, thereby saving forests and biodiversity.
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Date 2020-06-11T10:36:45Z
2020-06-11T10:36:45Z
2017-06-27
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/37029
 
Language English
 
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Publisher Not Available