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Strategies for Developing Salt Tolerant Rootstocks in Fruit Crops

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Title Strategies for Developing Salt Tolerant Rootstocks in Fruit Crops
 
Creator P. C. Sharma
Anshuman Singh
 
Subject Salt Tolerance
Salinity
Salt Affected Soils
Fruit crops
Rootstocks
Omics
Molecular markers
 
Description Global salt-affected area is projected to increase substantially in the foreseeable future due to fresh water scarcity, irrigation management, rampant use of poor quality waters in irrigation and the climate change impacts. Ironically, soil reclamation through conventional means is increasingly becoming difficult. In the face of the rising amendment costs and rapidly depleting fresh water, there is a tangible shift from mitigation to adaptation measures for salinity management. Use of salt tolerant plants is suggested as an affordable and efficient approach to obtain stable harvests under saline conditions, with reduced or no use of fresh water and amendments. In fruit crops, development of salt tolerant scion cultivars is cumbersome and cost prohibitive shifting the emphasis on developing salt excluder rootstocks. Reduced uptake of salts by the roots can considerably lessen injurious effects on the fruit bearing shoot system. Rootstocks capable of either fully or partially excluding Na+ and Cl- ions and exerting other beneficial effects on the shoot system have been identified in many fruit crops. However, less than potential use in many cases and the decline in salt exclusion capacity upon prolonged exposure to salinity in some others have necessitated the reliance on biotechnological approaches to develop the rootstocks compatible with the location-specific needs. In many situations, rootstocks having tolerance to multiple stresses may be desirable. Breakthroughs in the fields of molecular marker-assisted breeding, genomics, omics technologies and genetic modification are greatly aiding to the efforts of fruit breeders and physiologists in understanding the complex biochemical and molecular networks imparting salt tolerance to fruit crops. Recent advancements have made these technologies economically affordable resulting in their increased use for accelerating the fruit crop improvement. The observations presented in this article make it evident that day is not far off when these technologies will open a new frontier in the development of salt tolerant rootstocks capable of enduring the excessive levels of salinity and associated problems currently unachievable through conventional means.
ICAR-CSSRI
 
Date 2019-02-21T05:35:11Z
2019-02-21T05:35:11Z
2019
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Sharma, P. C. and Singh, Anshuman (2019). Strategies for Developing Salt Tolerant Rootstocks in Fruit Crops. In: Shaping the Future of Horticulture (K. L. Chadha, S. K. Singh, Jai Prakash and V. B. Patel Eds.), p. 475-494. Kruger Brentt Publishers, Middlesex, UK.
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/17030
 
Language English
 
Publisher Kruger Brentt Publishers