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MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS FOR RECLAMATION AND MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM THE TRANSGANGETIC PLAIN OF INDIA

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Title MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS FOR RECLAMATION AND MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM THE TRANSGANGETIC PLAIN OF INDIA
Not Available
 
Creator A. K. MANDAL,1 RANBIR SINGH,1 P. K. JOSHI,1 and D. K. SHARMA2
 
Subject Soil salinity and alkalinity, poor quality ground water
 
Description Not Available
Soil salinity/alkalinity and poor quality groundwater are major constraints
causing reduced productivity in the arid and semiarid region of the Trans-
Gangetic plain of Central Haryana covering Kaithal district. Visual interpretation
of Resourcesat LISS-III data for March, May and October (2009)
seasons revealed the presence of salt affected soils spatially distributed as
barren patches and intermixed with cropped areas in the irrigated zones.
The white to yellowish white tones with high reflectance from salt crusts
on barren soil surface prompted the detection of strongly sodic/saline soils.
The mixed signatures (yellowish white and red mottling) of salt stress and
patchy crop stand indicated the presence of slightly to moderate salt affected
soils, which is authenticated by ground truth study. In absence of natural
drainage, the waterlogging for stagnated water bodies in irrigated areas was
easily identified by the higher energy absorption showing dark blue/black
to gray shades in March and November data. Salt affected soils showing
low permeability, infiltration and hydraulic conductivity, also showed similar
signatures amidst the cropped areas. The prolonged use of poor quality
groundwater favored salt build-up in irrigated areas and showed mixed
spectral signatures (grayish red to reddish white tones) in the satellite imageries.
The sodic (alkali soil dominated by sodium and carbonate salts) and
saline (neutral salts dominated by chloride and sulfate) soils are common
in the study area. Sodic soils were distributed in northern and central parts
of Kaithal district covering Pundri (2.1%), Kaithal (3%), Guhla (1.1%) and
Siwan (1.1%) blocks while saline soils were distributed in southern part covering
Kalayat (2.6%) and Rajaund (1.3%) blocks. The fine texture (clay to
clay loam) sub-surface soils in Ghaggar plain impaired natural drainage thus
favored waterlogging and sodicity development. The precipitated calcium
carbonates concretions (calcareous layer) are common in strongly sodic
soils that impair salt and nutrient movements and root penetration. An area
of 26301 ha (11.3%) is salt affected in Kaithal district, of which sodic and
saline soils covered 17570 ha (7.3%) and 9388 ha (4%), respectively. The
groundwater quality was sodic in north of Kaithal district (Guhla block),
at places, showing high Residual Sodium Corbonate (RSC) (12.7 me L–1),
saline in the east at Kalayat block (Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) 33.6)
and sodic (pH 9.2) in central part of Kaithal block, and also showed high
RSC (6.5 me L–1) in selected samples. Based on the soil physico-chemical
characteristics and the quality of groundwater, suitable reclamation and
management options were also suggested.
Not Available
 
Date 2019-12-06T11:25:19Z
2019-12-06T11:25:19Z
2018-01-01
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Not Available
13: 978-1-315-36556-5
13: 978-1-77188-517-1
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/28507
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Apple Academic Press, Inc. Exclusive worldwide distribution by CRC Press, a member of Taylor & Francis Group