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Genome editing in animals: an overview

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Title Genome editing in animals: an overview
 
Creator Jaya Bharati, Meeti Punetha, BAA Sai Kumar, GM Vidyalakshmi, Mihir Sarkar, JD Michael, Raj Kumar Singh
 
Subject Endonucleases, double-strand breaks, homologous recombination, oligonucleotides, CRISPR/Cas9, off-target effect, mutations, transfection
 
Description Genome editing is the process of making targeted modifications to the genome at site-specific locations. The most common methods for genome editing are sequence-specific programmable nucleases namely protein-guided zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and CRISPR/Cas9 system. The class of RNA-guided endonucleases known as Cas9 from the microbial adaptive immune system CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is the most rapidly developing genome editing technology. Prior to CRISPR/Cas9, genome editing approaches, like ZFNs or TALENs, relied upon the use of customizable DNA binding protein nucleases that required scientists to design and generate a new nuclease pair for every genomic target. Largely due to its simplicity and adaptability, CRISPR/Cas9 system has outpaced the other methods in its efficacy to obtain precise genetic modifications. With its unprecedented accuracy, variants of Cas9 like Cas9 nickase, Cpf1, Cas9-HF1, HypaCas9, and features like multiplexing, it has provided important advancements in animal agriculture. The rapid progress of genome editing in animals has been remarkable but there are many challenges ahead like ethical issues and public acceptance of genetically modified animals and their products. However, improving the efficiency, on-target specificity, and safety of genome editing will unlock a myriad of applications in animal sciences.
 
Date 2021-07-27T04:51:05Z
2021-07-27T04:51:05Z
2019-01-01
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Bharati, Jaya, Meeti Punetha, BAA Sai Kumar, G. M. Vidyalakshmi, Mihir Sarkar, J. D. Michael, and Raj Kumar Singh. "Genome editing in animals: an overview." Genomics and biotechnological advances in veterinary, poultry, and fisheries (2020): 75-104.
978-0-12-816352-8
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816352-8.00003-5
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/50218
 
Language English
 
Publisher Academic Press