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Measurement of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Crop, Livestock and Aquaculture

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Title Measurement of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Crop, Livestock and Aquaculture
Measurement of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Crop, Livestock and Aquaculture
 
Creator H Pathak RC Upadhyay M Muralidhar P Bhattacharyya B Venkateswarlu
 
Subject carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O)
 
Description Not Available
Global warming, caused by the increase in the concentration of greenhouse
gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, has emerged as the most prominent global
environmental issue. These GHGs i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2
), methane (CH4
) and
nitrous oxide (N2
O) trap the outgoing infrared radiation from the earth’s surface
and thus raise the temperature. The global mean annual temperatures at the end of
the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased
by 0.4–0.76 o
C above that recorded at the end of the 19th century (IPCC 2007). The
last 50 years show an increasing trend of 0.13 °C/decade whereas the trend of the
last one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC 2007) projected a temperature increase between 1.1 and 6.4
°C by the end of the 21st Century. Global warming also leads to other regional and
global changes in climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture and
sea level.
Global climatic changes can affect agriculture through their direct and indirect
effects on the crops, soils, livestock and pests. An increase in atmospheric carbon
dioxide level will have a fertilization effect on crops with C3
photosynthetic
pathway and thus will promote their growth and productivity. The increase
in temperature, depending upon the current ambient temperature, can reduce
crop duration, increase crop respiration rates, alter photosynthate partitioning
to economic products, affect the survival and distribution of pest populations,
hasten nutrient mineralization in soils, decrease fertilizer-use efficiencies, and
increase evapo-transpiration rate. Indirectly, there may be considerable effects
on land use due to snow melt, availability of irrigation water, frequency and
intensity of inter- and intra-seasonal droughts and floods, soil organic matter
transformations, soil erosion, changes in pest profiles, decline in arable areas due
to submergence of coastal lands, and availability of energy. Therefore, concerted
efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of
2
Indian agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more
resilient.
Not Available
 
Date 2021-07-20T09:40:57Z
2021-07-20T09:40:57Z
2013-07-18
 
Type Technical Report
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/49184
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher NICRA