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Low Carbon Technologies for Agriculture

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Title Low Carbon Technologies for Agriculture
Low Carbon Technologies for Agriculture
 
Creator H Pathak and PK Agarwal
 
Subject fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, etc.
 
Description Not Available
Today, global warming is the most prominent environmental issue before the
humanity. It is caused by the increase in concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs)
in the atmosphere. The GHGs, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2
), methane (CH4
) and nitrous
oxide (N2
O), trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus
raise the temperature. The accumulation of GHGs in atmosphere and the consequent
rise in earth’s temperature is termed as ‘greenhouse effect’. According to a world
agency, Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), due to greenhouse
effect the global mean annual temperature was recorded higher by 0.40-0.76 °C at
the end of the 20th century than was at the end of the 19th century (IPCC, 2007). This
agency has projected a rise of 1.1 to 6.4 °C in temperature by the end of the 21st
century. The global warming is leading to several other regional and global changes
such as rainfall, soil moisture and sea level.
Among different sources, agricultural soil is the major contributor to greenhouse
effect. Globally, agriculture accounts for 54% of anthropogenic methane and 58%
of nitrous oxide emissions. In soils, methane is produced during microbial
decomposition of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. Rice fields submerged
with water, therefore, are the potential source of methane. Continuous submergence,
higher organic C content and use of organic manure in puddled soils enhance
methane emission. Burning of crop residues also contributes to the global methane
budget. Enteric fermentation in ruminants is another major source of methane.
Nitrogenous fertilizers are the source of N2
O in fertilized soils, whereas the
indigenous N contributes to its release in unfertilized soil. Soil water content and
the availability of carbon enhance the production of N2
O, provided a suitable nitrate
source is available. Generally, increase in N2
O emission is observed following
irrigation and precipitation. Burning of crop residues also contributes to the global
N2
O budget.
Not Available
 
Date 2021-07-20T09:39:12Z
2021-07-20T09:39:12Z
2012-03-16
 
Type Technical Report
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/49182
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher NICRA