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Risk factor analysis associated with Theileria equi infected equines in semiarid and sub-humid ecological enzootic zones of India

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Title Risk factor analysis associated with Theileria equi infected equines in semiarid and sub-humid ecological enzootic zones of India
 
Creator Rajesh Dahiya Raj Kumar Salar, Kruti Debnath Mandal, Rajender Kumar, B.N. Tripathi, Yash Pal, Sanjay Kumara
 
Subject Theileria equi, Sero-prevalence, India, ELISA ,Risk factors
 
Description Not Available
Equine piroplasmosis is a haemoprtozoan disease of equines and enzootic in tropical and subtropical countries. A
cross-sectional study on sero-prevalence of Theileria equi, the causative agent of EP, was performed in semi-arid
and sub-humid ecological endemic zones of India including Rajasthan, Haryana and Gujarat states, in order to
evaluate the enzootic status/level of exposure to equine population due to this infection and addressed associated
risk factors. Serum samples were collected from a total of 1021 equids that comprised of 792 horses, 168
donkeys and 61 mules and evaluated for T. equi specific antibodies in equine merozoite antigen-2 (EMA-2) based
on indirect ELISA. The state with high sero-prevalence rate was Rajasthan (71.40%), followed by Haryana
(60.39%) and Gujarat (48.92%). Overall T. equi sero-positivity in equines was 64.44%. Species-wise T. equi seroprevalence
was 66.29%, 51.19% and 91.80% in horses, donkeys and mules respectively. The association and risk
factor among age, gender and species in relation with T. equi infection was statistically analyzed at 95% level of
significance (p < 0.05). A very high T. equi sero-positivity was recorded in 0–1 year age group of equines
(60%), indicating that this naïve age group contacts with T. equi infected ticks and remains infected throughout
its lifetime. The sero-prevalence rate was significantly associated with the species of animal (p < 0.05). The risk
factor analysis kept mules at higher risk (Odd's ratio; 5.696; 95% confidence interval: 2.25–14.38) of getting
infection as compared to horses and donkeys. This study has demonstrated high enzootic nature of T. equi
infection in semi-arid and sub-humid ecological zones of India. Mules, in comparison to horses and donkeys were
found at higher risk of getting T. equi infection, indicating that disease prevalence is associated with species of
the infected host.
Not Available
 
Date 2018-11-20T11:04:10Z
2018-11-20T11:04:10Z
2018-01-11
 
Type Journal
 
Identifier Not Available
ISSN: 2405-9390
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/12355
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher ELSEVIER