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Role of Antisperm Antibodies in Infertility, Pregnancy, and Potential for Contraceptive and Antifertility Vaccine Designs: Research Progress and Pioneering Vision

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Title Role of Antisperm Antibodies in Infertility, Pregnancy, and Potential for Contraceptive and Antifertility Vaccine Designs: Research Progress and Pioneering Vision
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Creator Vickram A. S., Kuldeep Dhama, Sandip Chakraborty, Hari Abdul Samad, Shyma K. Latheef, Khan Sharun, Sandip Kumar Khurana, Archana K., Ruchi Tiwari, Prakash Bhatt, Vyshali K., Wanpen Chaicumpa
 
Subject antisperm antibodies
antifertility vaccine
contraception
sperm antigens
pregnancy
infertility
 
Description Not Available
Sperm of humans, non-human primates, and other mammalian subjects is considered to
be antigenic. The effect of changes in autoimmunity on reproductive cells such as spermatozoa and
oocytes play a critical but indistinct role in fertility. Antisperm antibodies (ASAs) are invariably
present in both females and males. However, the degree of ASA occurrence may vary according to
individual and gender. Although the extent of infertility due to ASAs alone is yet to be determined,
it has been found in almost 9–12% of patients who are infertile due to different causes. Postcoital
presence of spermatozoa in the reproductive tract of women is not a contributory factor in ASA
generation. However, ASA generation may be induced by trauma to the vaginal mucosa, or by anal
or oral sex resulting in the deposition of sperm inside the digestive tract. It is strongly believed
that, in humans and other species, at least some antibodies may bind to sperm antigens, causing
infertility. This form of infertility is termed as immunological infertility, which may be accompanied
by impairment of fertility, even in individuals with normozoospermia. Researchers target ASAs for
two major reasons: (i) to elucidate the association between ASAs and infertility, the reason ASAs
causes infertility, and the mechanism underlying ASA-mediated infertility; and (ii) to assess the potential of ASAs as a contraceptive in humans in case ASAs influences infertility. Therefore, this
review explores the potential application of ASAs in the development of anti-spermatozoa vaccines for
contraceptive purposes. The usefulness of ASAs for diagnosing obstructive azoospermia, salpingitis,
and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia has been reviewed extensively. Important patents pertaining to
potential candidates for spermatozoa-derived vaccines that may be utilized as contraceptives are
discussed in depth. Antifertility vaccines, as well as treatments for ASA-related infertility, are also
highlighted. This review will address many unresolved issues regarding mechanisms involving ASAs
in the diagnosis, as well as prognoses, of male infertility. More documented scientific reports are
cited to support the mechanisms underlying the potential role of ASA in infertility. The usefulness of
sperm antigens or ASAs (recombinant) in human and wild or captive animal contraceptive vaccines
has been revealed through research but is yet to be validated via clinical testing.
Not Available
 
Date 2019-12-06T10:29:56Z
2019-12-06T10:29:56Z
2019-09-16
 
Type Article
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/28483
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Not Available