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Limitations, Progress and Prospects of Application of Biotechnological Approaches in Improvement of Prosopis : An Important Genus of the Arid Regions

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Title Limitations, Progress and Prospects of Application of Biotechnological Approaches in Improvement of Prosopis : An Important Genus of the Arid Regions
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Creator Rajwant K. Kalia, P. Ratha Krishnan and J.C. Tewari
 
Subject Fabaceae, Prosopis, micropropagation, molecular markers, tree improvement
 
Description Not Available
Introduction and selection of fast-growing exotic tree and shrub species into
the arid regions of Indian subcontinent is imperative to ensure a sustained livelihood
under harsh agro-climatic conditions in the region. Large scale mortality of perennials,
mechanized agriculture, industrialization and population explosion, increased demand of
fuel and fodder, and cutting of trees without adequate reforestation has also fueled the
concern for saving such fragile ecosystems from degradation. Prosopis, a multipurpose,
leguminous, nitrogen fixing genus encompassing approximately 45 species of trees and
shrubs remains one of the most widely accepted genera in the arid regions as many
of the species of the genus are highly adapted for survival in arid, semi-arid and usar
lands. However, there is an urgent need to modify and improve the undesirable features
like thorniness, bushy architecture, slow growth rate and high alkaloid content in leaves
of important Prosopis spp. by developing tailored genotypes suitable for plantation and
rapid growth in these dry regions. Limited progress has been made for improvement of
the genus through conventional breeding programs due to lack of identified superior
parental lines, lack of knowledge about extent of hybridization possible between species,
genetic linkage maps and QTL linkage maps. Conventional propagation methods i.e.,
through seeds and rooting of cuttings are in place, but have limitations for development
of genetically uniform planting material on a larger scale. Therefore, application of modern
tools of biotechnology need to be standardized for harnessing maximum benefits from
this plant. Improvement of this genus through genetic transformation requires an efficient
regeneration system, which is yet to be perfected for large scale production of planting
material. Genetic diversity studies, taxonomic delineation of species and subspecies and
also the breeding programs can be more robustly addressed using molecular markers.
An attempt has been made to review the need and the scope of genetic improvement
of this important genus using modern tools of biotechnology.
Not Available
 
Date 2018-11-14T11:43:16Z
2018-11-14T11:43:16Z
2014-01-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/Publication/handle/123456789/11310
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Not Available