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Water quality issues and solutions for dry regions

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Title Water quality issues and solutions for dry regions
Soil and water management strategies for dry regions
 
Creator Gupta D.K.
Keerthika A.
Noor Mohamed M.B.
Jangid B.L
Shukla A.K
Editors: Mangalassery S., Dayal D. and Machiwal
 
Subject Environmental science,Water Salinity
 
Description Not Available
Water is essential for sustainability of life on earth, however, available quantity and quality of water is decreasing with alarming rate causing global water scarcity. The condition is poorer in natural water scarce arid and dry regions. These regions face dual water problems: very low rainfall and poor quality of available water. In India, mainly Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka etc. groundwater has poor quality for drinking as well as irrigation. In these parts, groundwater is either saline or having high nitrates and fluoride content. The other water related problems in these regions includes organic and metallic pollution of rivers, ponds and groundwater due to disposal of untreated effluents from industries like textile. About 2 lakh sq.km area in India has been estimated to be affected by saline water of electrical conductivity >4000 μS/cm and there are several places in Rajasthan and southern Haryana where values is greater than 10000 μS/cm. Fluoride which is detrimental to health in high concentration is found less than 1.0 mgl-1 in the many parts of country, however, there are several locations in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Orissa, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh West Bengal, Bihar, Delhi, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, and Assam where the fluoride in ground water exceeds permissible limit (1.5 mgl-1). The concentration of nitrate in groundwater has been reported beyond permissible limit (>45 mgl-1) in many districts of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra etc., however, largely affected areas are arid and semiarid region mainly concentrated in Rajasthan, Gujarat and Karnataka. These problems are geo-genic as well as anthropogenic in origin, however, human interference are making these situations more pathetic. The sustainable extraction of water, irrigation and use of chemicals are required for enhancing water use efficiency and reducing the water contamination.
Not Available
 
Date 2019-05-06T11:23:41Z
2019-05-06T11:23:41Z
2017-01-01
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Not Available
9789327274592
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/19267
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.