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Varietal diversity and constraints in commercial ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) cultivation in Haryana, India

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Title Varietal diversity and constraints in commercial ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) cultivation in Haryana, India
 
Creator Anshuman Singh, Rajkumar, Ashwani Kumar, RK Yadav, Parvender, RK Singh and DK Sharma
 
Description A survey was conducted to identify the constraints affecting commercial ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.)
cultivation in Hisar, Rewari, Mahendergarh and Jhajjar districts of Haryana where problems of secondary
salinity has considerably increased over the years. Ber trees require less care; have low water and agrochemical
needs and withstand sub-soil constraints (e.g., salinity). Fruits fetch good prices in domestic and
export markets. Orchards surveyed ranged from 0.2-2.8 ha in size. Orchard age varied from 10 years to over
100 years indicating, on one hand, continuity in the establishment of new orchards, and on the other, conservation of the old orchards. While about 60% of the orchards had trees of only one or two cultivars,
remainder were multi-varietal plantations consisting of three or more cultivars of different maturity groups
likely to be more resilient to the market and climate shocks. Young orchards (≤ 25 years) mostly had either
single or mixed stands of Gola (early), Kaithali (mid-season) and Umran (late) cultivars. In contrast, landraces
such as Lakhal, Najuk, Katha, Reshmi, Illaichi, Bagu, Bhoora Gola and Kala Gola were also found in the old
orchards of Rewari (Bawal area) and Mahendergarh districts. Soil and water salinity, erratic supply of canal
water and the high incidence of powdery mildew disease were identified as the major hurdles to high
orchard profits. Irrigation water salinity (ECIW) was moderate (4-5 dS m-1) to high (6-10 dS m-1) at seven
locations. Soil salinity (ECe 60-100 cm depth) was very high (8-10 dS m-1) at three locations. Salinity induced
differences in fruit yield were evident as trees of a similar age grown under saline conditions produced
considerably less fruits compared to those in normal soils. Fruit yield in Gola and Umran cultivars, for
instance, was almost three-fold higher in normal than saline soils. Conjunctive use of saline groundwater and
fresh canal water, and application of organic amendments such as farm yard manure and vermicompost
were some of the practices adopted by the growers to overcome the salt stress.
 
Date 2017-06-27T08:59:53Z
2017-06-27T08:59:53Z
2017-01
 
Type Other
 
Identifier Singh, Anshuman, Rajkumar, Kumar, Ashwani, Yadav, R. K., Parvender, Singh R. K. and Sharma, D.K. 2017. Varietal diversity and constraints in commercial ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) cultivation in Haryana, India. In: Abstracts 5th National Seminar Climate Resilient Saline Agriculture: Sustaining Livelihood Security held during 21-23 January 2017 at SKRAU, Bikaner, Rajasthan. p. 106-107.
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/4487
 
Language English
 
Publisher Indian Society of Soil Salinity and Water Quality, Karnal