User Manual for Surface Water Yield Model (SWYMOD)
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View Archive InfoField | Value | |
Title |
User Manual for Surface Water Yield Model (SWYMOD)
User Manual for Surface Water Yield Model (SWYMOD) |
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Creator |
NICRA
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Subject |
micro watershed, hydrologic group of soil, curve number
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Description |
Not Available
Land and water are the two critical natural resources that influence the agricultural production and productivity in all production systems of the countores. The primary source to all water resources is rainfall which is stochastic in nature. The rainfall in any given region is not uniformly distributed over space and time. The high rainfall areas with annual rainfall > 1125 mm experience floods and erosion hazards in agricultural land which is of prime concern for agricultural production and environmental protection. It has been estimated that 50-60% of rainfall goes as run off carrying away 16 tha-1 of top soil annually. This results in reduction in water storage capacity of soils leading to soil moisture deficits affecting crop growth. It also causes siltation of reservoirs (Singh, 1990) reducing their storage capacity and active life. In other areas receiving low to medium rainfall, erratic distribution causes high rainfall events leading to surplus run-off and prolonged dry spells for standing crops. All these factors call for control of surface run-off and water conservation. A combination of agronomic and engineering measures reduce the runoff and soil erosion, but complete control of runoff by absorption in to soil profile is not possible under tropical climate, in view of the tropical rainfall distribution. The next best alternative to manage the inevitable runoff by storing in dug out ponds, popularly known as farm ponds. Since runoff is a natural stochastic event, development and use of hydrologic models have become important tools, as wide spread monitoring of rainfallrunoff phenomenon across the length and breadth of the country is laborious, expensive and time consuming. A major objective of using such models is to scientifically estimate the water yield of the watersheds so that an appropriate strategy is evolved to harness this water. The flow of any stream is determined by two different factors. One is climate, mainly precipitation and the other is the physical characteristics of the drainage basin. The rate and amount of water yield depends on amount of rainfall, its intensity, the physical properties of the soils and shape, size and drainage pattern of the watershed. Not Available |
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Date |
2021-07-20T09:42:42Z
2021-07-20T09:42:42Z 2012-10-17 |
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Type |
Technical Report
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Identifier |
Not Available
Not Available http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/49189 |
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Language |
English
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Relation |
Not Available;
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Publisher |
NICRA
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