Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach
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Title |
Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach
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Creator |
Panwar A. S., M. Shamim, Subhash Babu, N. Ravisankar, Ashisa Kumar Prusty, N. M. Alam, D. K. Singh, J. S. Bindhu, Jashanjot Kaur, L. N. Dashora, M. D. Latheef Pasha, SoumitraChaterjee, M. T. Sanjay and L. J. Desai
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Subject |
on-farm experiment; rice-wheat cropping system; partial factor productivity; agronomic use efficiency
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Description |
Data employed in this study were taken from on-farm experiments conducted with rice and wheat between 2016 to 2017 in the Indian districts of Samba in the Jammu & Kashmir state, Amritsar in the Punjab state, Nainital in the Uttarakhand state, Kanpur and Ambedkarnagar in the Uttar Pradesh state, Pakur in the Jharkhand state, and Katni and Dindori in the Madhya Pradesh state (Figure 1) under the umbrella of the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) On-Farm Research (OFR) by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, UP, India. Among the tested locations, Amritsar, Kanpur, and Ambedkarnagar are located in the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP) where the RWCS is a principal food production system. However, Samba, Nainital, Pakur, Katni, and Dindori are located outside IGP where the RWCS is an emerging production system. Rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS), a lifeline for the majority of the population in South Asia is under stress, due to the imbalanced and indiscriminate use of fertilizers. Therefore, we conducted an on-farm study at eight locations (Amritsar, Katni, Nainital, Samba, Pakur, Kanpur, Ambedkarnagar, and Dindori) covering five agro climatic zones of six Indian states (Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Jharkhand) to (i) calculate the partial factor productivity (PFP) and agronomic use efficiency (AUE) to judge the response of NPK and Zn on grain yield of rice and wheat in RWCS and (ii) to work out the economic feasibility of different combinations of NPK in rice and wheat. Seven fertilizer treatments: Control (0-0-0), N alone (N-0-0), NP (N-P-0), NK (N-0-K), NPK (N-P-K), NPK+Zn (N-P-K-Zn), and FFMP (Farmers Fertilizer Management Practice) were assigned to all the locations. The levels of applied nutrients were used as per the standard recommendation of the location. The average of all the locations showed that the use of NP enhances the grain yield of rice and wheat by 105% and 97% over control, respectively. System productivity of RWCS was expressed in terms of rice grain equivalent yield (RGEY), Mg ha−1 . Among the locations, Samba recorded the lowest productivity of RWCS with fertilizer treatments. In contrast, the highest productivity of RWCS with fertilizer treatments was recorded at Amritsar, except with NPK and NPK+Zn fertilization, where Katni superseded the Amritsar. An approximately 3-fold productivity gain in RWCS was recorded with the conjoint use of NP over control across the locations. Overall, the results of our study showed that the balance application of NPK increased the productivity of RWCS 245% over control. Partial factor productivity of Nitrogen (PFPn) N alone in rice varied across locations and ranged from 19 kg grain kg−1 N at Pakur to 41 kg grain kg−1 N at Amritsar. PFPn of N alone in wheat also ranged from 15.5 kg grain kg−1 of N at Ambedkarnagar to 28 kg grain kg−1 N at Amritsar. However, across locations the mean value of PFPn of N alone was 29 kg grain kg−1 N in rice and 21 kg grain kg−1 N in wheat. PFPn increased when combined application of N and P sorted in both rice and wheat across the locations. Similarly, combined application of NPK increased partial factor productivity of applied phosphorus (PFPp) in both the crops at all the locations. The combined application of NPK increased the PFPk for applied K at all the location. The response of K application with N and P when averaged over the location was 114% in rice and 93% in wheat over the combined use of N and K. In our study, irrespective of fertilizer treatments, the agronomic use efficiency of applied N (AUEn) and agronomic use efficiency of applied P (AUEp) were greater in rice than in wheat across the location. With regards to the economics, the mean net monetary returns among the fertilizers treatments was minimum (INR 29.5 × 103 ha−1 ) for the application of N alone and maximum (INR 8.65 × 103 ha−1 ) for application of NPK+Zn. The mean marginal returns across the locations was in order of N alone > NK > FFM > NPK > NP > NPK+Zn. Not Available |
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Date |
2021-06-10T10:16:19Z
2021-06-10T10:16:19Z 2018-12-27 |
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Type |
Research Paper
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Identifier |
Panwar A. S., M. Shamim, Subhash Babu, N. Ravisankar, Ashisa Kumar Prusty, N. M. Alam, D. K. Singh, J. S. Bindhu, Jashanjot Kaur, L. N. Dashora, M. D. Latheef Pasha, SoumitraChaterjee, M. T. Sanjay and L. J. Desai.2019. Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach, Sustainability, 11 (122): 1-26
2071-1050 http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/47225 |
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Language |
English
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Relation |
10.3390/su11010122;
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Publisher |
MDPI
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