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Management of EuMusae leaf spot disease of banana caused by Mycosphaerella euMusae with Zimmu (Allium sativum× Allium cepa) leaf extract,

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Title Management of EuMusae leaf spot disease of banana caused by Mycosphaerella euMusae with Zimmu (Allium sativum× Allium cepa) leaf extract,
 
Creator Thangavelu R, PG Devi, M Gopi, and M.M. Mustaffa.
 
Subject Eumusae, leaf spot, Banana, Mycosphaerella eumusae, Zimmu, Plant extracts
 
Description Leaf spot caused by Mycosphaerella spp. is considered as a serious
threat of banana production worldwide (Arzanlou et al., 2008).
This foliar disease causes major economic losses (Ploetz, 2000) and
occurs in almost all banana growing regions in the world. In India,
the disease has a serious impact in major banana growing states
like Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra
(Jalgaon district), Gujarat, West Bengal and North-eastern hilly
states of India (Anonymous, 2011a). Although previously the causal
agent of leaf spot disease was not confirmed in India, recent studies
using both morphological and molecular approaches revealed that
the majority of 107 leaf spot infected samples (>99%) collected
from different varieties and geographic locations showed the
presence of M. eumusae Crous & X. Mour, which is known as
Eumusae leaf spot disease (Anonymous, 2011b). Carlier et al. (2000)
has also confirmed the presence of M. eumusae causing Septoria leaf
spot disease in the Cavendish cv. Grand Naine in southern India.
Among extracts of 33 plant species screened against Mycosphaerella eumusae, the causal agent of Eumusae leaf spot disease of banana, water extract of Cassia senna, Zimmu (Interspecific hybrid between Allium cepa × Allium sativum) and Rhincanthus nasutus provided 100% inhibition of spore germination and 1.7–2.0 cm zone of inhibition of mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. The maximum efficacy of mycelial inhibition was observed with Zimmu leaf extract. When Zimmu leaf extract was tested at different concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100% w/v), all tested concentrations provided complete inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen. The field evaluation of Zimmu leaf extract at different concentrations in cv. Grand Naine showed that the application of the water extract of Zimmu leaf at 50% concentration (w/v) provided 55% reduction of disease severity compared to the unsprayed control. Besides, the application of Zimmu leaf extract increased the value of youngest leaf spotted-0 (up to 60.5%) as well as increased the yield of banana (up to 46.8%) as compared to control. The effect of Zimmu in increasing the value of YLS-0 and the bunch yield was comparable with the chemical fungicide Propiconazole 25% EC (0.1%). Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed that among different major compounds, two lipid compounds (LP-B1 and LP-B2) extracted using methanol had the ability to inhibit M. eumusae growth (0.7–1.5 cm zone of inhibition). The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of lipid bands revealed the presence of six different lipid compounds, which may be responsible for the growth inhibition of the pathogen. Since the application of water extract of Zimmu was found to be not only effective in controlling the leaf spot disease severity but also increased the number of green leaves and yield of banana fruits, the Zimmu extract can be used effectively in integrated disease management of Eumusae leaf spot disease for enhancing banana production in an ecologically sustainable manner.
 
Date 2017-01-17T08:57:14Z
2017-01-17T08:57:14Z
2013-01-01
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier 0261-2194
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/1516
 
Language English
 
Publisher ELSEVIER